ArticleImmunity, inflammation and disease2022
Impaired immunity and high attack rates caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants among vaccinated long-term care facility residents.
Article in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overview of adult immunization in Finland: Successes, lessons learned and the way forward.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Article
- Why are some outbreaks worse than others? COVID-19 outbreak management strategies from a PHU perspective.BMC public health · 2023Review
- Qualitative Insights into Vaccine Uptake of Nursing Staff in Long-Term Care Facilities in Finland.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Impaired immunity and high attack rates caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants among vaccinated long-term care facility residents.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLong-term care facilities (LTCF) residents are at high risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and therefore, COVID-19 vaccinations were prioritized for residents and personnel in Finland at the beginning of 2021.
methodsWe investigated COVID-19 outbreaks in two LTCFs, where residents were once or twice vaccinated. After the outbreaks we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike glycoprotein, neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers, and cell-mediated immunity markers from residents and healthcare workers (HCWs).
resultsIn LTFC-1, the outbreak was caused by an Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) and the attack rate (AR) among once vaccinated residents was 23%. In LTCF-2 the outbreak was caused by a Beta variant (B.1.351). Its AR was 47% although all residents had received their second dose 1 month before the outbreak. We observed that vaccination had induced lower IgG concentrations, NAb titers and cell-mediated immune responses in residents compared to HCWs. Only 1/8 residents had NAb to the Beta variant after two vaccine doses.
conclusionsThe vaccinated elderly remain susceptible to breakthrough infections caused by Alpha and Beta variants. The weaker vaccine response in the elderly needs to be addressed in vaccination protocols, while new variants capable of evading vaccine-induced immunity continue to emerge.
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