ReviewMucosal immunology2022
Timing is everything: impact of development, ageing and circadian rhythm on macrophage functions in urinary tract infections.
Review in Mucosal immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Scalable Organoid Model of Urothelial Aging for Metabolic Interrogation, Infection Modeling, and Reversal of Age-Associated Changes.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Decoding epithelial-immune cell crosstalk in uropathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- The role of circadian rhythm regulator PERs in oxidative stress, immunity, and cancer development.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Estrogen-stimulated uropathogenic E. coli mediate enhanced neutrophil responses.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A Dynamic Interplay of Innate Immune Responses During Urinary Tract Infection.Immune network · 2024Review
- The Impact of Immune System Aging on Infectious Diseases.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Exosomes derived from bladder epithelial cells infected with uropathogenic Escherichia coli increase the severity of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by impairing macrophage function.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Article
- Current research and future directions in non-malignant urologic research - proceedings of the annual CAIRIBU meeting.American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The bladder supports a diversity of macrophage populations with functional roles related to homeostasis and host defense, including clearance of cell debris from tissue, immune surveillance, and inflammatory responses. This review examines these roles with particular attention given to macrophage origins, differentiation, recruitment, and engagement in host defense against urinary tract infections (UTIs), where these cells recognize uropathogens through a combination of receptor-mediated responses. Time is an important variable that is often overlooked in many clinical and biological studies, including in relation to macrophages and UTIs. Given that ageing is a significant factor in urinary tract infection pathogenesis and macrophages have been shown to harbor their own circadian system, this review also explores the influence of age on macrophage functions and the role of diurnal variations in macrophage functions in host defense and inflammation during UTIs. We provide a conceptual framework for future studies that address these key knowledge gaps.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.