ArticleNature medicine2022
Tumor immune contexture is a determinant of anti-CD19 CAR T cell efficacy in large B cell lymphoma.
Article in Nature medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 147 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
147 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic literature review to identify prognostic factors of efficacy and safety outcomes of chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell therapies in diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- A distinct CAR-T cell phenotype mediates therapeutic response at limited doses.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Predictors and responses to varying durations of BTK inhibitor bridging therapy before anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Whole-body CD8Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Distinct patient, tumour and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell characteristics are associated with initiating versus sustaining responses to idecabtagene vicleucel in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma.British journal of haematology · 2025Trial
- Durable response to CAR T is associated with elevated activation and clonotypic expansion of the cytotoxic native T cell repertoire.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Dark matter matters: from noncoding RNA regulation to cancer immunity.Oncoimmunology · 2026Review
- CAR-T-centered sequential therapy: current status, challenges, and future clinical perspectives.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- RHOA Deletion Downregulates CD19 and Promotes Dysfunctional Immune Microenvironments in CAR-T Resistant Large B-cell Lymphomas.Blood cancer discovery · 2026Article
- IFN-γ-driven iNOS induction in macrophages mediates CAR T cell resistance in B cell lymphoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The critical role of the endogenous immune compartment after CAR T cell therapy in recurrent GBM.Cell · 2026Article
- Pretreatment With BTK Inhibitors Improved the Sensitivity of DLBCL Cells to CAR-T Cells in a Coculture System by Downregulating the Polarisation of M2 Macrophages.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Dendritic cell diversity and dysfunction in cancer: implications for immunotherapy and therapeutic targeting.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Targeting CCR7-KMT2D enhances CAR-T cell efficacy by suppressing therapy-induced senescence in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- The Conflicting Role of Myeloid Cells in CAR T-Cell Therapy.Cancer research · 2026Review
- Folate receptor beta targeting of tumor-associated macrophages improves lymphoma cell responses to CD19 CAR T cells.HemaSphere · 2026Article
- New Insights Into the Role of Neutrophils in Lymphoma.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Zamtocabtagene autoleucel in relapsed/refractory B-NHL: 5-year follow-up of a CD20/19 tandem CAR T-cell phase 1 trial.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Real-time multimodal phenotyping reveals distinct tumour cell dynamics and immune escape mechanisms in T cell therapies.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy approved for relapsed/refractory large B cell lymphoma (LBCL) and has treatment with similar efficacy across conventional LBCL subtypes. Toward patient stratification, we assessed whether tumor immune contexture influenced clinical outcomes after axi-cel. We evaluated the tumor microenvironment (TME) of 135 pre-treatment and post-treatment tumor biopsies taken from 51 patients in the ZUMA-1 phase 2 trial. We uncovered dynamic patterns that occurred within 2 weeks after axi-cel. The biological associations among Immunoscore (quantification of tumor-infiltrating T cell density), Immunosign 21 (expression of pre-defined immune gene panel) and cell subsets were validated in three independent LBCL datasets. In the ZUMA-1 trial samples, clinical response and overall survival were associated with pre-treatment immune contexture as characterized by Immunoscore and Immunosign 21. Circulating CAR T cell levels were associated with post-treatment TME T cell exhaustion. TME enriched for chemokines (CCL5 and CCL22), γ-chain receptor cytokines (IL-15, IL-7 and IL-21) and interferon-regulated molecules were associated with T cell infiltration and markers of activity. Finally, high density of regulatory T cells in pre-treatment TME associated with reduced axi-cel-related neurologic toxicity. These findings advance the understanding of LBCL TME characteristics associated with clinical responses to anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy and could foster biomarker development and treatment optimization for patients with LBCL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.