ArticleJournal of public policy & marketing : JPP&M : an annual publication of the Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, the University of Michigan2016
An Empirical Examination of the FDAAA-Mandated "Toll-Free Statement" for Consumer Reporting of Side Effects in Direct-to-Consumer Television Advertisements.
Article in Journal of public policy & marketing : JPP&M : an annual publication of the Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, the University of Michigan, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serious and actionable risks, plus disclosure: Investigating an alternative approach for presenting risk information in prescription drug television advertisements.Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP · 2018Trial
- Communicating therapeutic indication information in direct-to-consumer television ads for prescription cancer drugs: Exploring the effect of dual-modality presentations.Patient education and counseling · 2025Article
- Detecting and Reporting Deceptive Prescription Drug Promotion: Differences Across Consumer and Physician Audiences and by Number and Type of Deceptive Claims and Tactics.Health communication · 2022Article
- Assessing the Inclusion of Foil Items in a Scale to Measure Recognition of Health Messages.Communication methods and measures · 2021Article
- Communicating Risk Information in Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Drug Television Ads: A Content Analysis.Health communication · 2019Article
- Attention to and Distraction from Risk Information in Prescription Drug Advertising: An Eye Tracking Study.Journal of public policy & marketing : JPP&M : an annual publication of the Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, the University of Michigan · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We investigated how inclusion of a "toll-free statement" for reporting side effects to FDA in prescription drug direct-to-consumer (DTC) television ads affects comprehension of product risks and benefits, and comprehension of and memory for the toll-free statement itself. Participants viewed one of nine mock prescription drug television ads that varied elements of the toll-free statement, and then responded to a questionnaire. Presenting the statement in both text and audio resulted in better processing of the statement compared to only text. When shown in text alone, presenting the statement during the entire advertisement or after the statement of risks resulted in better processing of the statement compared to placement before the presentation of risk information. The placement, duration, or prominence of the statement did not affect comprehension of product risk and benefit information. Our findings suggest that the toll-free statement can be added to DTC television ads without significantly affecting comprehension of product risk and benefit information, and that select presentations are preferable for communicating the toll-free statement. The appropriate inclusion of the toll-free statement in DTC television ads may increase the visibility of the adverse event reporting system, without any apparent cost to the understanding of benefits and risks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.