ArticleEClinicalMedicine2022
Dynamics of multimorbidity and frailty, and their contribution to mortality, nursing home and home care need: A primary care cohort of 1 456 052 ageing people.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic analysis of the contribution of genetics to multimorbidity and comparisons with primary care data.EBioMedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Influence of age, frailty and non-cardiac comorbidities on survival in patients undergoing mitral valve edge-to-edge repair - a perspective from the German health care system.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2026Article
- Article
- Multimorbidity, readmissions and mortality among older patients with potentially preventable hospitalisations: a Danish nationwide cohort study.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Trauma as a critical condition in the very old: assessment, care pathways and outcome differences.European geriatric medicine · 2026Review
- Influencing factors of oral frailty in elderly patients with head and neck cancer: a multicenter, cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2026Observational
- Investigating Performance, Functional Outcomes, and Patient Autonomy in a Rural Community Hospital: A Real-Life Descriptive Cohort Study of Territorial Intermediate Care.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Temporal trends in healthcare resource use and costs of chronic kidney disease in a Spanish population: the REDIC study.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- Australian Consensus Statement on the Prevention and Management of Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Modified Delphi Study.The Medical journal of Australia · 2026Article
- Early dynamics of multimorbidity in 17.4 million people in Spain: onset patterns and prognostic value.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Frailty progression: The role of multimorbidity configurations in frailty transitions and predicting mortality risk among older adults.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Hypertension and depression coexistence and its association with frailty in older adults: a cross-sectional study.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2026Article
- All-cause and cause-specific mortality in older people with and without diabetes in Norwegian home care services: a nationwide registry study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Using electronic health records to understand multimorbidity in older people: a scoping review.European geriatric medicine · 2025Article
- Health and well-being of older adults in rural and urban Rwanda: epidemiological findings from a population based cross-sectional study.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Gait kinematic and kinetic characteristics among older adults with varying degrees of frailty: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development of Attention-based Prediction Models for All-cause Mortality, Home Care Need, and Nursing Home Admission in Ageing Adults in Spain Using Longitudinal Electronic Health Record Data.Journal of medical systems · 2025Article
- Household size and its role in the association between multimorbidity and health and social care outcomes in older adults in Wales: retrospective cohort study.BMJ medicine · 2025Article
- Association between frailty and physical-psychological multimorbidity in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: a longitudinal study in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Interactions between patterns of multimorbidity and functional status among hospitalized older patients: a novel approach using cluster analysis and association rule mining.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Prevalence of both multimorbidity and frailty increases with age, but more evidence is needed to elucidate their relationship and their association with other health-related outcomes. We analysed the dynamics of both conditions as people age and calculate the associated risk of death, nursing home admission, and need for home care. Methods: Data were drawn from the primary care electronic health records of a longitudinal cohort of people aged 65 or older in Catalonia in 2010-2019. Frailty and multimorbidity were measured using validated instruments (eFRAGICAP, a cumulative deficit model; and SNAC-K, respectively), and their longitudinal evolution was described. Cox regression models accounted for the competing risk of death and adjusted by sex, socioeconomical status, and time-varying age, alcohol and smoking. Findings: We included 1 456 052 patients. Prevalence of multimorbidity was consistently high regardless of age, while frailty almost quadrupled from 65 to 99 years. Frailty worsened and also changed with age: up to 84 years, it was more related to concurrent diseases, and afterwards, to frailty-related deficits. While concurrent diseases contributed more to mortality, frailty-related deficits increased the risk of institutionalisation and the need for home care. Interpretation: The nature of people's multimorbidity and frailty vary with age, as does their impact on health status. People become frailer as they age, and their frailty is more characterised by disability and other symptoms than by diseases. Mortality is most associated with the number of comorbidities, whereas frailty-related deficits are associated with needing specialised care. Funding: Instituto de Salud Carlos III through PI19/00535, and the PFIS Grant FI20/00040 (Co-funded by European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund).
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