ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2022
Microbiota and COVID-19: Long-term and complex influencing factors.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microbiome dysbiosis in long COVID: a scoping review of mechanistic insights, symptom associations, and therapeutic targets.Gut pathogens · 2026Review
- Persistent health complications in COVID-19 hospitalized patients at tertiary care hospital in Western India.World journal of critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 and Myasthenic-like Symptom Complications in Two Relatives: A Coincidence or Spike Toxicity with Thymic Response in Predisposed Individuals? Two Clinical Cases with a Comprehensive Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Lower airway microbiota compositions and diversity among ventilator-associated pneumonia patients across COVID-19 epidemic phases: a retrospective study.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Patients After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: What Do We Know?Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Observational
- Long COVID syndrome: exploring therapies for managing and overcoming persistent symptoms.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Comparative metagenomic analysis of the oral microbiome in COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Oral Immunisation With Non-GMO Surface Displayed SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes on Bacteria-Like Particles Provokes Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses, and Modulated the Gut Microbiome in Mice.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
- Food and medicine homology: a potential nutritional intervention strategy for post-acute COVID-19 syndrome.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Redondovirius-associated periodontitis in people with poor oral hygiene: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- Major alteration of lung microbiome and the host responses in critically ill COVID-19 patients with high viral load.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Microbiome modifications by steroids during viral exacerbation of asthma and in healthy mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Dental complications as a potential indicator of Redondovirus infection: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Major alteration of Lung Microbiome and the Host Reaction in critically ill COVID-19 Patients with high viral load.Research square · 2024Article
- Article
- Management of cognitive impairment associated with post-COVID-19 syndrome: recommendations for primary care.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Beyond acute infection: molecular mechanisms underpinning cardiovascular complications in long COVID.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Gut Microbiome Composition and Dynamics in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients and Patients with Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to the World Health Organization statistics, more than 500 million individuals have been infected and more than 6 million deaths have resulted worldwide. Although COVID-19 mainly affects the respiratory system, considerable evidence shows that the digestive, cardiovascular, nervous, and reproductive systems can all be involved. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (AEC2), the target of SARS-CoV-2 invasion of the host is mainly distributed in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Studies found that microbiota contributes to the onset and progression of many diseases, including COVID-19. Here, we firstly conclude the characterization of respiratory, gut, and oral microbial dysbiosis, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Then we explore the potential mechanisms of microbial involvement in COVID-19. Microbial dysbiosis could influence COVID-19 by complex interactions with SARS-CoV-2 and host immunity. Moreover, microbiota may have an impact on COVID-19 through their metabolites or modulation of ACE2 expression. Subsequently, we generalize the potential of microbiota as diagnostic markers for COVID-19 patients and its possible association with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) and relapse after recovery. Finally, we proposed directed microbiota-targeted treatments from the perspective of gut microecology such as probiotics and prebiotics, fecal transplantation and antibiotics, and other interventions such as traditional Chinese medicine, COVID-19 vaccines, and ACE2-based treatments.
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