ArticleAfrican health sciences2022
Co-occurrence of antibiotic resistance and virulence Genes in Methicillin Resistant
Article in African health sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Virulence determinants and multidrug resistance profiles of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus from healthy orthopedic surgical personnel.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Patterns of ARGs and VFs Driven by Short-Term Seasonal Hydro-Environmental Stress Interactions in a Eutrophic Plateau Lake.Microbial ecology · 2026Article
- Article
- Characterization of enterotoxin, antibiotic resistance genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiling ofOpen veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Supramolecular discrimination and diagnosis-guided treatment of intracellular bacteria.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and distribution of toxin genes in methicillin-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Self-Medication Including Antibiotics among Health Care Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular Epidemiology and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant MRSA ST398 and ST239 in Himachal Pradesh, India.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Sexual reproductive health, NCDs and infectious diseases.African health sciences · 2022Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Methicillin resistant Objective: Objective of the study was to determine MRSA prevalence, their antibiotic sensitivity patterns, frequency of virulence genes (sea, seb, sed, tst, hla, hld) and their co-occurrence with resistance marker mecA among Rawalpindi and its nearby regions of Pakistani clinical isolates. Methodology: The present study was carried out to identify the virulence and antibiotic resistance genes that co-occur in MRSA through polymerase chain reaction. Antibiotic sensitivity, presence of virulence genes and their co-occurrence with resistance marker mecA were analyzed. Results: These isolates were found resistant to number of antibiotics i.e. Amoxicillin (16.1%), Cefixime (48.38%), Doxycycline (27.415), Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (37.09%), Clindamycin (30.64%), Erythromycin (83.87%), Penicillin (100%), Vancomycin (4.83%), Ciprofloxacin (70.96%), Tetracycline (20%), Linezolid (3.22%) and Fusidic acid (11.295). The frequency of antibiotic resistant gene (mecA) was 69.35% and that of virulence genes hla, hld, sea, seb, sed and tst was 100, 100, 53.2, 30.6, 3.2 and 24.2% respectively. Amongst all examined genes, hla and hld genes had the highest and sed gene had the lowest frequency. The maximum coexistence of genes was observed for hla+hld+mecA gene combination (42 out of 62 isolates). Conclusion: This study reports the presence of multidrug resistant, vancomycin-resistant and mecA negative MRSA isolates in infected patients of Rawalpindi and nearby regions of Pakistan that may have attributed to treatment failures, adaptability of new virulence characteristics and spread of antibiotic resistance.
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