ReviewOrganic process research & development2022
Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings: On the Importance of the Catalyst Quantity Descriptors, mol % and ppm.
Review in Organic process research & development, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Palladium-catalysed synthesis of small-molecule epigenetic inhibitors as anticancer therapeutics.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Facile Pd(II)-Catalyzed Ortho C(spACS organic & inorganic Au · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Nickel Catalysts for Sonogashira Coupling.ChemistryOpen · 2026Review
- Deprotonation-controlled copper-free Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira couplingRSC advances · 2026Article
- Extracting Mechanistic Information from an Open Data Set for a Pharma-Relevant Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction.Organic process research & development · 2026Article
- Recyclable Palladium-Polysiloxane Catalyst with Ultra-Low Metal Leaching for Drug Synthesis.Polymers · 2025Article
- Photochemical synthesis of Pd nanocatalysts stabilized by biomass-derived polymers: from colloidal to supported systems in batch and flow.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Is a Malleable Active Site Loop the Key to High Substrate Promiscuity? Hybrid, Biocatalytic Route to Structurally Diverse Taxoid Side Chains with Remarkable Dual Stereocontrol.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Guideline for Analysis and Prevention of Contamination Catalysis.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Review
- Facile construction of distal and diversified tertiary and quaternary stereocenters.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Article
- Revealing the Hidden Complexity and Reactivity of Palladacyclic Precatalysts: The P(ACS catalysis · 2024Article
- Catalysis-Based Fluorometric Method for Semiquantifying Trace Palladium in Sulfur-Containing Compounds and Ibuprofen.The Journal of organic chemistry · 2024Article
- Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles from Bis-(Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Evidence for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings catalyzed by ligated PdChemical science · 2024Article
- Electronically flexible PYA ligands for efficient palladium-catalyzed α-arylation of ketones.Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) · 2023Article
- Modification of Pillared Intercalated Montmorillonite Clay as Heterogeneous Pd Catalyst Supports.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- (CAAC)Pd(py) Catalysts Disproportionate to Pd(CAAC)Organometallics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This Review examines parts per million (ppm) palladium concentrations in catalytic cross-coupling reactions and their relationship with mole percentage (mol %). Most studies in catalytic cross-coupling chemistry have historically focused on the concentration ratio between (pre)catalyst and the limiting reagent (substrate), expressed as mol %. Several recent papers have outlined the use of "ppm level" palladium as an alternative means of describing catalytic cross-coupling reaction systems. This led us to delve deeper into the literature to assess whether "ppm level" palladium is a practically useful descriptor of catalyst quantities in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Indeed, we conjectured that many reactions could, unknowingly, have employed low "ppm levels" of palladium (pre)catalyst, and generally, what would the spread of ppm palladium look like across a selection of studies reported across the vast array of the cross-coupling chemistry literature. In a few selected examples, we have examined other metal catalyst systems for comparison with palladium.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.