ArticlePreventive medicine2022
Heterogeneous effects of spatially proximate firearm homicide exposure on anxiety and depression symptoms among U.S. youth.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Residential exposure to deadly gun violence and accelerated biological aging in a national sample of U.S. adolescents.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Heterogeneous Effects of Environmental Exposure to Gun Violence on Adolescent Problem Behavior.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2026Article
- Community violence intervention: measuring risk & protective factors for gun use among program participants.Health & justice · 2026Review
- Preventing firearm-related deaths and the public good: a contingent valuation study in California.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- The consequences of community exposure to firearm homicide for adolescent substance use.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Violent crime victimization and mental health among adolescents in Mexico.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Exposure to firearm injury and suicide in a rural Pennsylvania county: implications for mental and behavioral health.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Gun violence exposure and population health inequality: a conceptual framework.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2025Article
- Trauma reflections: an interpretive phenomenological analysis of pellet-gun victims' experiences in Kashmir.Cogent mental health · 2025Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Trajectories of Firearm Exposure in Childhood.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Firearm Violence Exposure and Functional Disability among Black Men and Women in the United States.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Gun Violence Exposure and Suicide Among Black Adults.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Firearm violence exposure and health in 2 national samples of Black and American Indian/Alaska Native adults.Health affairs scholar · 2023Article
- Neighborhood collective efficacy and environmental exposure to firearm homicide among a national sample of adolescents.Injury epidemiology · 2023Article
- Voicing narratives of structural violence in interpersonal firearm violence research and prevention in the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Gun violence research is surging to inform solutions to a devastating public health crisis.Preventive medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The burden of firearm homicide in the United States is not evenly distributed across the population; rather, it disproportionately affects youth in disadvantaged and marginalized communities. Research is limited relevant to the impacts of exposure to firearm violence that occurs near where youth live or attend school - spatially proximate firearm violence - on youths' mental health and whether those impacts vary by characteristics that shape youths' risk for experiencing that exposure in the first place. Using a dataset linking the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study with the Gun Violence Archive (N = 3086), we employed propensity score matching and multilevel stratification to examine average and heterogeneous associations between spatially proximate firearm homicide exposure and anxiety and depression among all youth and then separately for boys and girls. We found a statistically significant average association between firearm homicide exposure and symptoms of depression among youth. Furthermore, heterogeneous effects analyses yielded evidence that the average association is driven by youth, and particularly boys, who are the most disadvantaged and have the highest risk of firearm homicide exposure. The results of this study suggest that the accumulation of stressors associated with structural disadvantage and neighborhood disorder, coupled with exposure to spatially proximate and deadly firearm violence, may make boys and young men, particularly Black boys and young men, uniquely vulnerable to the mental health impacts of such exposure. Ancillary analyses of potential effect moderators suggest possible future areas of investigation.
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