ArticleEuropean journal of endocrinology2022
Aggressive pituitary tumours and carcinomas, characteristics and management of 171 patients.
Article in European journal of endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of antineoplastic drug therapies on carcinoma and aggressive pituitary tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pituitary · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Aggressive PitNETs and Potential Target Therapies: A Systematic Review of Molecular and Genetic Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Metastatic pituitary tumors: an institutional case series.Pituitary · 2023Pooled it
- The Role of Activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK Pathways in Aggressive Pituitary Adenomas-New Potential Therapeutic Approach-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Aggressive Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Trial
- Clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes of silent corticotroph versus gonadotroph adenomas: A 603-case single-center cohort study.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of aggressiveness in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors.Neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Multi-omics integration unravels four molecular subgroups of corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumours with distinct clinicopathological features.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Can acromegaly be controlled in all cases?Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Therapy for aggressive pituitary tumors and carcinomas.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Role of Surgery in the Multimodal Treatment of Pituitary Carcinoma: A Retrospective Single-Institution Case Series.Cancers · 2026Article
- Real-world insights in the use of temozolomide for aggressive pituitary tumours remind us what we still don't know.Pituitary · 2026Article
- Life-Threatening Radiation Necrosis After Complete Response to Pembrolizumab in a Patient With a Metastatic Silent PIT1 Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor (PitNET).Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) · 2026Article
- Ageing and pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs): from bench to bedside.Endocrine-related cancer · 2026Review
- Temozolomide in aggressive and metastatic pituitary tumors: a Brazilian multicenter real-world cohort study.Pituitary · 2026Article
- Aggressive and malignant pituitary tumours: does the sex matter?Pituitary · 2026Review
- Characterization of the secretory profile of gonadotroph pituitary tumors.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- New Insights from the Expression of the Mismatch Repair System in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors.Endocrine pathology · 2026Article
- Dominant T cell receptor clonotypes in adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting pituitary carcinoma are the highest-frequency clones among CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To describe clinical and pathological characteristics and treatment outcomes in a large cohort of aggressive pituitary tumours (APT)/pituitary carcinomas (PC). Design: Electronic survey August 2020-May 2021. Results: 96% of 171 (121 APT, 50 PC), initially presented as macro/giant tumours, 6 were microadenomas (5 corticotroph). Ninety-seven tumours, initially considered clinically benign, demonstrated aggressive behaviour after 5.5 years (IQR: 2.8-12). Of the patients, 63% were men. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-secreting tumours constituted 30% of the APT/PC, and the gonadotroph subtypes were under-represented. Five out of 13 silent corticotroph tumours and 2/6 silent somatotroph tumours became secreting. Metastases were observed after median 6.3 years (IQR 3.7-12.1) from diagnosis. At the first surgery, the Ki67 index was ≥3% in 74/93 (80%) and ≥10% in 38/93 (41%) tumours. An absolute increase of Ki67 ≥ 10% after median of 6 years from the first surgery occurred in 18/49 examined tumours. Tumours with an aggressive course from outset had higher Ki67, mitotic counts, and p53. Temozolomide treatment in 156/171 patients resulted in complete response in 9.6%, partial response in 30.1%, stable disease in 28.1%, and progressive disease in 32.2% of the patients. Treatment with bevacizumab, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy resulted in partial regression in 1/10, 1/6, and 3/11, respectively. Median survival in APT and PC was 17.2 and 11.3 years, respectively. Tumours with Ki67 ≥ 10% and ACTH-secretion were associated with worse prognosis. Conclusion: APT/PCs exhibit a wide and challenging spectrum of behaviour. Temozolomide is the first-line chemotherapy, and other oncological therapies are emerging. Treatment response continues to be difficult to predict with currently studied biomarkers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.