ArticleInternational ophthalmology2023
Assessing the subjective quality of smartphone anterior segment photography: a non-inferiority study.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital Anterior Segment Photography in Clinical Practice: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- AI for Anterior Segment Disease Using Transfer Learning: Adapting Slit-Lamp-Trained Model for Analysis of Smartphone Corneal Images.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Smartphone-Based Portable Slit Lamp in Anterior Segment Diseases: A Narrative Review of Clinical Assessment and Integration with Artificial Intelligence.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Validation and optimization of smart eye camera as teleophthalmology device for the reduction of preventable and treatable blindness in Nigeria.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence support improves diagnosis accuracy in anterior segment eye diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Assessing the subjective quality of smartphone anterior segment photography: a non-inferiority study.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo assess the subjective quality of anterior segment photos taken from a smartphone camera adapted to the slit lamp compared to a commercial inbuilt slit-lamp camera.
methodsNon-inferiority study. Five paired images of the anterior segment of normal eyes were taken using an iPhone 11 (Apple, Inc., Calif., USA) camera attached to a universal slit-lamp adaptor and a commercial inbuilt slit-lamp camera (Haag-Streit Diagnostics, Bern, Switzerland). Images were collated into a survey in which ophthalmology students, residents, registrars, and consultants participated to select the image taken from the inbuilt slit-lamp camera. If the image quality was subjectively indistinguishable, we expected a 50:50 split for each photograph that was presented. We selected a 10% non-inferiority margin, with the hypothesis that no less than 40% of images believed to be from the conventional camera were in fact from the smartphone camera.
resultsThere were 27 respondents in the survey: ophthalmology consultants (n = 7), registrars (n = 10), residents (n = 7), intern (n = 1) and students (n = 2). The mean correct identification across the respondents was 11.3 out of 25 (45.2%) images. Overall, the smartphone camera was non-inferior to the inbuilt slit-lamp camera (p < 0.001). The non-inferiority of the smartphone camera was significant for consultants (47.4%, p < 0.01), registrars (47.6%, p < 0.001) and residents (37.7%, p < 0.0001).
conclusionsAnterior segment images obtained with a smartphone camera were non-inferior to the commercial inbuilt slit-lamp camera. Smartphone cameras may be a non-inferior tool for communication of anterior segment images having implications for the ease of access to quality telehealth consultations.
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