ArticleViruses2022
Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Camels and Probable Spillover Infection to Humans in Kenya.
Article in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Risk Perception of MERS-CoV and Other Coronaviruses Among Health Care Workers in Northern Kenya.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- A Newly Established ELISA for the Surveillance of Rift Valley Fever in Dromedary Camels and Their Owners, Kenya 2018.Viruses · 2026Article
- Improving risk analysis of environmentally driven zoonotic biological threats as a primary pandemic prevention approach: A case study of the Tripartite Joint Risk Assessment Operational Tool operationalization in Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Low Prevalence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in Camel-Exposed Patients Presenting with Respiratory Symptoms in Northern Kenya.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Designed miniproteins potently inhibit and protect against MERS-CoV.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Molecular basis of convergent evolution of ACE2 receptor utilization among HKU5 coronaviruses.Cell · 2025Article
- Article
- Cross-neutralization ability of anti-MERS-CoV monoclonal antibodies against a variety of merbecoviruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Designed miniproteins potently inhibit and protect against MERS-CoV.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Molecular basis of convergent evolution of ACE2 receptor utilization among HKU5 coronaviruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mapping immunodominant sites on the MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein targeted by infection-elicited antibodies in humans.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Genomic Diversity and Recombination Analysis of the Spike Protein Gene from Selected Human Coronaviruses.Biology · 2024Article
- Mapping immunodominant sites on the MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein targeted by infection-elicited antibodies in humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Biphasic MERS-CoV Incidence in Nomadic Dromedaries with Putative Transmission to Humans, Kenya, 2022-2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Could be a Priority Pathogen to Cause Public Health Emergency: Noticeable Features and Counteractive Measures.Environmental health insights · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in dromedaries in Ethiopia, 2017-2020.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- A longitudinal study of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Isolation and genetic characterization of MERS-CoV from dromedary camels in the United Arab Emirates.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The majority of Kenya’s > 3 million camels have antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), although human infection in Africa is rare. We enrolled 243 camels aged 0−24 months from 33 homesteads in Northern Kenya and followed them between April 2018 to March 2020. We collected and tested camel nasal swabs for MERS-CoV RNA by RT-PCR followed by virus isolation and whole genome sequencing of positive samples. We also documented illnesses (respiratory or other) among the camels. Human camel handlers were also swabbed, screened for respiratory signs, and samples were tested for MERS-CoV by RT-PCR. We recorded 68 illnesses among 58 camels, of which 76.5% (52/68) were respiratory signs and the majority of illnesses (73.5% or 50/68) were recorded in 2019. Overall, 124/4692 (2.6%) camel swabs collected from 83 (34.2%) calves in 15 (45.5%) homesteads between April−September 2019 screened positive, while 22 calves (26.5%) recorded reinfections (second positive swab following ≥ 2 consecutive negative tests). Sequencing revealed a distinct Clade C2 virus that lacked the signature ORF4b deletions of other Clade C viruses. Three previously reported human PCR positive cases clustered with the camel infections in time and place, strongly suggesting sporadic transmission to humans during intense camel outbreaks in Northern Kenya.
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