ReviewVaccines2022
Global Prevalence and Potential Influencing Factors of COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy: A Meta-Analysis.
Review in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine hesitancy in context of COVID-19 in East Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Global prevalence and determinants associated with the acceptance of monkeypox vaccination.Narra J · 2024Pooled it
- COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Pooled it
- An effective COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy intervention focused on the relative risks of vaccination and infection.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- A cross-sectional study of vaccination behavior and willingness regarding respiratory disease-related vaccines among the elderly in Beijing, China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Unpacking COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Network Analysis Perspective on Related Beliefs and Responses.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Association between COVID-related health literacy and vaccine acceptance: results of a nationwide cross-sectional study in Hungary.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Vaccine-related misinformation and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination in Japan.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a tribal-state of India: A cross-sectional study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its predictors among healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital in Ghana: A cross-sectional survey.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Second Round of a Population-Based Seroprevalence Study of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and COVID-19 Vaccination Assessment in the Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- A retrospective study on factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusal among individuals aged 15 years and above in the general population of Bamenda I sub-division, Cameroon.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Differences in COVID-19 Vaccination and Experiences among Patients with Hypertension in Colombia and Jamaica during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Hesitation towards COVID-19 booster vaccination among dialysis patients: a cross-sectional study in Taizhou, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Factors Associated with COVID-19 Testing, Vaccination, and Use of Digital Contact Tracing Apps among Black and Latinx MSM (BLMSM) in Los Angeles.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses among the Adult Population in Ghana: a cross-sectional study using the Health Belief Model.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The negative impact of misinformation and vaccine conspiracy on COVID-19 vaccine uptake and attitudes among the general public in Iraq.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccine intentions and attitudes in Black American emerging adults with asthma.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study in Caracas, Venezuela.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: assessing the prevalence, predictors, and effectiveness of a community pharmacy based counseling intervention.BMC public health · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
42 authors at 13 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Countries worldwide have deployed mass COVID-19 vaccination drives, but there are people who are hesitant to receive the vaccine. Studies assessing the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy are inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and determine the potential factors associated with such hesitancy. We performed an organized search for relevant articles in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Extraction of the required information was performed for each study. A single-arm meta-analysis was performed to determine the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy; the potential factors related to vaccine hesitancy were analyzed using a Z-test. A total of 56 articles were included in our analysis. We found that the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy was 25%. Being a woman, being a 50-year-old or younger, being single, being unemployed, living in a household with five or more individuals, having an educational attainment lower than an undergraduate degree, having a non-healthcare-related job and considering COVID-19 vaccines to be unsafe were associated with a higher risk of vaccination hesitancy. In contrast, living with children at home, maintaining physical distancing norms, having ever tested for COVID-19, and having a history of influenza vaccination in the past few years were associated with a lower risk of hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination. Our study provides valuable information on COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy, and we recommend special interventions in the sub-populations with increased risk to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.