ArticleVaccines2022
COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage and Sociodemographic, Behavioural and Housing Factors Associated with Vaccination among People Experiencing Homelessness in Toronto, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Vaccine acceptance, determinants, and attitudes toward vaccine among people experiencing homelessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- The Impact of Being Homeless on the Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19: Systematic Review.International journal of public health · 2023Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 incidence, seroprevalence, and COVID-19 vaccination coverage in the homeless population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Tracking COVID-19 vaccination barriers over time: a census-tract-level barrier index approach.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
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- A conceptual framework to model social determinants of COVID-19 vaccination uptake among underserved homeless populations.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- COVID-19 among Black people in Canada: a scoping review.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2024Article
- Enhancing detection of SARS-CoV-2 re-infections using longitudinal sero-monitoring: demonstration of a methodology in a cohort of people experiencing homelessness in Toronto, Canada.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccination uptake and receptivity among veterans enrolled in homelessness-tailored primary health care clinics: provider trust vs. misinformation.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among community-dwelling individuals receiving healthcare for substance use disorder and major mental illness: a matched retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Estimating COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its drivers among migrants, homeless and precariously housed people in France.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Vaccination among a Population Experiencing Homelessness: A Survey in Italy.Vaccines · 2022Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among U.S. Veterans Experiencing Homelessness in Transitional Housing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake, Infection Rates, and Seropositivity Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness in the United States.Nursing researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
People experiencing homelessness were prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination in Toronto, Canada, due to the high risk of infection and associated complications relative to the general population. We aimed to ascertain COVID-19 vaccine coverage in this population and explore factors associated with the receipt of at least one dose. We collected survey and blood sample data from individuals ages 16+ recruited by random selection at 62 shelters, hotels and encampment sites between 16 June 2021 and 9 September 2021. We report vaccine coverage by dose number and explored sociodemographic, behavioral, health and housing factors associated with vaccination using multivariable modified Poisson regression. In total, 80.4% (95% CI 77.3-83.1%) received at least one vaccine dose, and 63.6% (CI 60.0-67.0%) received two or more doses. Vaccination was positively associated with age (every 10 years adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 1.05 [95% CI 1.03-1.08]), and receipt of influenza vaccination (aRR 1.19 [95% CI 1.11-1.27]). Factors negatively associated with vaccination included female gender (aRR 0.92 [95% CI 0.85-1.0]), Black racial self-identification (aRR 0.89 [95% CI 0.80-0.99]) and low frequencies of masking in public places (aRR 0.83 [95% CI 0.72-0.95]). COVID-19 vaccine coverage is very high among people experiencing homelessness in Toronto, suggesting advocacy and outreach efforts may have been effective.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.