ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Wireless Measurements Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy to Monitor Fracture Healing.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- 3D-Printed biodegradable and multifunctional cranial device for bone repair and healing assessment.Science advances · 2026Article
- From episodic imaging to real-time sensor monitoring: translational advances in assessing fracture healing dynamics.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of body parameters for fracture and post-healing patient using a non-invasive bioimpedance device.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Biosensor-Integrated Tibial Components in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Narrative Review of Innovations, Challenges, and Translational Frontiers.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deep learning-based electrical impedance spectroscopy analysis for malignant and potentially malignant oral disorder detection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sensors in Bone: Technologies, Applications, and Future Directions.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Electrical impedance detects early stages of bone healing: An in vivo explanatory study of tibial fractures in rabbits.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2024Article
- The application of impantable sensors in the musculoskeletal system: a review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Electric Impedance Spectroscopy in Trees Condition Analysis: Theory and Experiment.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There is an unmet need for improved, clinically relevant methods to longitudinally quantify bone healing during fracture care. Here we develop a smart bone plate to wirelessly monitor healing utilizing electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to provide real-time data on tissue composition within the fracture callus. To validate our technology, we created a 1-mm rabbit tibial defect and fixed the bone with a standard veterinary plate modified with a custom-designed housing that included two impedance sensors capable of wireless transmission. Impedance magnitude and phase measurements were transmitted every 48 h for up to 10 weeks. Bone healing was assessed by X-ray, µCT, and histology. Our results indicated the sensors successfully incorporated into the fracture callus and did not impede repair. Electrical impedance, resistance, and reactance increased steadily from weeks 3 to 7-corresponding to the transition from hematoma to cartilage to bone within the fracture gap-then plateaued as the bone began to consolidate. These three electrical readings significantly correlated with traditional measurements of bone healing and successfully distinguished between union and not-healed fractures, with the strongest relationship found with impedance magnitude. These results suggest that our EIS smart bone plate can provide continuous and highly sensitive quantitative tissue measurements throughout the course of fracture healing to better guide personalized clinical care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.