SynthesisSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Extended Reality in Neurosurgical Education: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Identifying Research Priorities in Digital Education for Health Care: Umbrella Review and Modified Delphi Method Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- The use of hybrid operating rooms in neurosurgery, advantages, disadvantages, and future perspectives: a systematic review.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Pooled it
- Digital Twin-Based Virtual Reality Framework for Interaction and AI-Assisted Control of a Parallel Surgical Robot.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cadaver-based hands-on course in cervical spine surgery: a prospective evaluation of surgical confidence and self-perceived autonomy.Acta neurochirurgica · 2026Article
- A review of head-mounted devices for surgical education, preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation.Updates in surgery · 2026Review
- The hidden crisis: a multinational analysis of neurosurgical residency training in Latin America.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Medical Digital Twin Technology for Interoperability: Challenges and Opportunities.Biomedical engineering and computational biology · 2026Review
- Study protocol: the SPInal NAVigation (SPINAV) trial - comparison of augmented reality surgical navigation, conventional image-guided navigation, and free-hand technique for pedicle screw placement in spinal deformity surgery.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy Following Cervical Spine Surgery-Two Case Reports and a Systematic Review of the Literature.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Epidemiology, tumour characteristics, treatment and outcomes associated with spinal nerve sheath tumours: a systematic review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Article
- Dural Closure Training With Prototyped Model.Cureus · 2024Article
- Optical Methods for Brain Tumor Detection: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Extended reality in cranial and spinal neurosurgery - a bibliometric analysis.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Review
- The Integration of 3D Virtual Reality and 3D Printing Technology as Innovative Approaches to Preoperative Planning in Neuro-Oncology.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Assessing the knowledge, attitude and perception of Extended Reality (XR) technology in Pakistan's Healthcare community in an era of Artificial Intelligence.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Spontaneous spinal cord infarctions: a systematic review and pooled analysis protocol.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Integration of Virtual Reality in the Control System of an Innovative Medical Robot for Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Use of Mixed Reality in Neuro-Oncology: A Single Centre Experience.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Development of a CT-Compatible, Anthropomorphic Skull and Brain Phantom for Neurosurgical Planning, Training, and Simulation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Surgical simulation practices have witnessed a rapid expansion as an invaluable approach to resident training in recent years. One emerging way of implementing simulation is the adoption of extended reality (XR) technologies, which enable trainees to hone their skills by allowing interaction with virtual 3D objects placed in either real-world imagery or virtual environments. The goal of the present systematic review is to survey and broach the topic of XR in neurosurgery, with a focus on education. Five databases were investigated, leading to the inclusion of 31 studies after a thorough reviewing process. Focusing on user performance (UP) and user experience (UX), the body of evidence provided by these 31 studies showed that this technology has, in fact, the potential of enhancing neurosurgical education through the use of a wide array of both objective and subjective metrics. Recent research on the topic has so far produced solid results, particularly showing improvements in young residents, compared to other groups and over time. In conclusion, this review not only aids to a better understanding of the use of XR in neurosurgical education, but also highlights the areas where further research is entailed while also providing valuable insight into future applications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.