ArticlePharmaceutics2022
Photodisruption of the Inner Limiting Membrane: Exploring ICG Loaded Nanoparticles as Photosensitizers.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- mRNA delivery to the retina restores REP1 function in choroideremia.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticles enable mRNA delivery to diverse cell types of the inner Retina.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Strategic lipid nanoparticle design dictates retinal delivery post inner limiting membrane disruption.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Photodisruption of the Inner Limiting Membrane Promotes Retinal Engraftment of Stem-Cell Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Metal-organic frameworks-loaded indocyanine green for enhanced phototherapy: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Supramolecular dye nanoassemblies for advanced diagnostics and therapies.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Review
- Nanoparticles in Ocular Drug Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The inner limiting membrane (ILM) represents a major bottleneck hampering efficient drug delivery to the retina after intravitreal injection. To overcome this barrier, we intend to perforate the ILM by use of a light-based approach which relies on the creation of vapor nanobubbles (VNBs) when irradiating photosensitizers with high intensity laser pulses. Upon collapse of these VNBs, mechanical effects can disrupt biological structures. As a photosensitizer, we explore indocyanine green (ICG) loaded nanoparticles (NPs) specifically designed for our application. In light of this, ICG liposomes and PLGA ICG NPs were characterized in terms of physicochemical properties, ICG incorporation and VNB formation. ICG liposomes were found to encapsulate significantly higher amounts of ICG compared to PLGA ICG NPs which is reflected in their VNB creating capacity. Since only ICG liposomes were able to induce VNB generation, this class of NPs was further investigated on retinal explants. Here, application of ICG liposomes followed by laser treatment resulted in subtle disruption effects at the ILM where zones of fully ablated ILM were alternated by intact regions. As the interaction between the ICG liposomes and ILM might be insufficient, active targeting strategies or other NP designs might improve the concept to a further extent.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.