ArticlePharmaceutics2022
Fabrication and Optimization of Essential-Oil-Loaded Nanoemulsion Using Box-Behnken Design against
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Evaluation of clove-chitosan nanohybrids and clove nanoemulsions as bio-agents against the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (diptera: tephritidae).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Essential Oil of Angelica archangelica Roots as a Sustainable Alternative for Management of Meloidogyne incognita.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Protective Effect ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The protective influence of orange essential oil nano-emulsion on growth performance, antioxidant activity, immune status, inflammatory response, and hepato-renal function in heat-stressed growing rabbits.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- Article
- Attenuation of biofilm-encoding genes and virulence attributes in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii by essential oil derived from Myroxylon balsamum.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Evaluation of patchouli oil in the development of antibacterial nanoemulsion and nanoemulgel for periodontitis: anFrontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Development of a Dermal Nanoemulsion with Antioxidants Derived from Rice Residues Using an HLD Theory Approach.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Article
- Current Progress and Emerging Role of Essential Oils in Drug Delivery Therapeutics.Current drug delivery · 2025Review
- Formulation development, characterization, and optimization of Eudragit-cinnamon essential oil-based nanoplatform and its efficacy against resistant bacteria.Frontiers in chemistry · 2025Article
- Magnetic and Biomedical Properties of Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized UsingMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Preparation of Patchouli Oil Microemulsion Gel and Its Topical Application to Ameliorate Atopic Dermatitis in Mice.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- The Influence of a Nanoemulsion of Cardamom Essential Oil on the Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Carcass Characteristics, and Health Status of Growing Rabbits under a High Ambient Temperature.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Development and Evaluation of Essential Oil-Based Nanoemulgel Formulation for the Treatment of Oral Bacterial Infections.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Revisiting the Therapeutic Effects of Essential Oils on the Oral Microbiome.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Design-of-Experiments (DoE)-Assisted Fabrication of Quercetin-Loaded Nanoemulgel and Its Evaluation against Human Skin Cancer Cell Lines.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oral bacterial infections are fairly common in patients with diabetes mellitus; however, due to limited treatment options, herbal medicines are considered an alternate solution. This study aimed to formulate a stable essential-oil-loaded nanoemulsion for the treatment of oral bacterial infections. Essential oils from edible sources including coriander, clove, cinnamon and cardamom were extracted by hydrodistillation. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the nanoemulsion formulation by applying the Box-Behnken design. The oil concentration, surfactant concentration and stirring speed were three independent factors, and particle size and polydispersity index were two responses. The particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the optimized formulation were 130 mm, 0.222 and -22.9, respectively. The ATR-FTIR analysis revealed that there was no incompatibility between the active ingredients and the excipients. A significant release profile in active ingredients of nanoemulsion, i.e., 88.75% of the cinnamaldehyde and 89.33% of eugenol, was recorded after 24 h. In the ex vivo goat mucosal permeation study, 71.67% of the cinnamaldehyde permeated and that of the eugenol 70.75% from the nanoemulsion. The optimized formulation of the essential-oil-loaded nanoemulsion showed a 9 mm zone of inhibition against
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.