ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
The Relevance of Crystal Forms in the Pharmaceutical Field: Sword of Damocles or Innovation Tools?
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Review
- Lightweight Magnetic Nanoparticle-Graphite Composites with Tunable and Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties.ACS omega · 2026Article
- β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes ofPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- ML-Driven Pharmaceutical Cocrystal Technology: Advances in Screening, Property Prediction and Applications.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- A Novel Polymorphic Form of Sodium Benzoate (Ω-NaBen): Improved Solubility, Stability, Central Nervous System Effects, and Antipsychotic Activities via D-Amino Acid Regulation.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Solid solution quantification from full powder X-ray diffraction profile: novel application of multivariate calibration.Journal of applied crystallography · 2025Article
- NMR Crystallographic Investigation Coupled with Molecular Dynamics Simulations Reveals the Nature of Disorder in Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Solvatomorphs.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Multigram-Scale Organic Synthesis by Resonant Acoustic Mixing: Application to the Sustainable Preparation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.ChemSusChem · 2025Article
- Solvent-Free Process for Preparing Metal-Organic Framework Composites Based on Carbon-Based Quantum Dots and Their Derivatives as Drug Delivery Systems for Andrographolide.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- A review of research methods for elucidating the microstructure of pharmaceutical preparations.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Review
- Buspirone Hydrochloride Polymorphism: Stability, Solubility, Flow Properties, and Manufacturing Implications.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- Stereoview Images of Hydrogen-Bonded Quinoxalines with a Helical Axis; Pyrimidines and a Pyridazine That Form Extended Tapes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The good, the bad, and the ugly of metals as antimicrobials.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2024Review
- Crystal Polymorph Search in theCrystal growth & design · 2024Article
- When Unsuspected Crystallinity Ruins Biological Testing in Early Discovery: A Case Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Density Functional Theory and Density Functional Tight Binding Studies of Thiamine Hydrochloride Hydrates.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Structural diversity of cocrystals formed from acridine and two isomers of hydroxybenzaldehyde: 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde.RSC advances · 2023Article
- Ionic Levothyroxine Formulations: Synthesis, Bioavailability, and Cytotoxicity Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Novel Strategies in the Development of New Therapies, Drug Substances, and Drug Carriers Volume II.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review is aimed to provide to an "educated but non-expert" readership and an overview of the scientific, commercial, and ethical importance of investigating the crystalline forms (polymorphs, hydrates, and co-crystals) of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The existence of multiple crystal forms of an API is relevant not only for the selection of the best solid material to carry through the various stages of drug development, including the choice of dosage and of excipients suitable for drug development and marketing, but also in terms of intellectual property protection and/or extension. This is because the physico-chemical properties, such as solubility, dissolution rate, thermal stability, processability, etc., of the solid API may depend, sometimes dramatically, on the crystal form, with important implications on the drug's ultimate efficacy. This review will recount how the scientific community and the pharmaceutical industry learned from the catastrophic consequences of the appearance of new, more stable, and unsuspected crystal forms. The relevant aspects of hydrates, the most common pharmaceutical solid solvates, and of co-crystals, the association of two or more solid components in the same crystalline materials, will also be discussed. Examples will be provided of how to tackle multiple crystal forms with screening protocols and theoretical approaches, and ultimately how to turn into discovery and innovation the purposed preparation of new crystalline forms of an API.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.