ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Long-Term Health Symptoms and Sequelae Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Evidence Map.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06166030 (EFFECTS OF WHEY PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON CARDIOPULMONARY, MUSCLE AND IMMUNOHEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF POST-COVID-19 PATIENTS.), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of whey protein supplementation on cardiopulmonary, muscle and immunohematological responses of post-covid-19 patients.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Short and Long-Term Wellbeing of Children following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of and risk factors for post-coronavirus disease 2019 symptoms after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in healthcare workers: A multicenter cross-sectional study in China.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Long COVID in adults - a current review of the long-term health effects following SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of health monitoring · 2026Article
- One-Year Quality of Life Among Survivors of Hospitalization for Omicron Infection in Brazil: A Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Co-occurrence of memory impairment and fatigue distinguishes post COVID from pandemic-related health effects in the 4-year CON-VINCE cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Post COVID-19 conditions in an Australian pediatric cohort, 3 months following a Delta outbreak.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Temporal changes in the risk of six-month post-COVID symptoms: a national population-based cohort study.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- The impact of long COVID on quality of life and work performance among healthcare workers in Portugal.PeerJ · 2025Article
- Examining self-described policy-relevant evidence base for policymaking: an evidence map of COVID-19 literature.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Effects in an Active University Population: A Within-Campus Cross-Sectional Study at a Major Educational Institution.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2024Article
- HIF-1α Pathway Orchestration by LCN2: A Key Player in Hypoxia-Mediated Colitis Exacerbation.Inflammation · 2024Article
- Post-COVID syndrome and work ability 9-12 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection among over 9000 employees from the general population.IJID regions · 2024Article
- Review
- Assessing the Quality of Life, Coping Strategies, Anxiety and Depression Levels in Patients with Long-COVID-19 Syndrome: A Six-Month Follow-Up Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Social Inequalities in Long-Term Health Effects After COVID-19-A Scoping Review.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Post-covid-19 conditions in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of health outcomes in controlled studies.BMJ medicine · 2024Article
- Incident autoimmune diseases in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a matched cohort study.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Article
- Impact of Long Covid on the school experiences of children and young people: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Long-term health consequences among individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to individuals without infection: results of the population-based cohort study CoMoLo Follow-up.BMC public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Post-COVID-19 conditions, also known as 'Long-COVID-19', describe a longer and more complex course of illness than acute COVID-19 with no widely accepted uniform case definition. We aimed to map the available evidence on persistent symptoms and sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 in children and adults. We searched the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register and the WHO COVID-19 Global literature on coronavirus disease database on 5 November 2021. We included longitudinal and cross-sectional studies and we extracted their characteristics, including the type of core outcomes for post-COVID-19 conditions. We included 565 studies (657 records). Most studies were uncontrolled cohort studies. The median follow-up time was 13 weeks (IQR 9 to 24). Only 72% of studies were conducted in high-income countries, 93% included unvaccinated adults with mild-to-critical disease, only 10% included children and adolescents, and less than 5% included children under the age of five. While most studies focused on health symptoms, including respiratory symptoms (71%), neurological symptoms (57%), fatigue (54%), pain (50%), mental functioning (43%), cardiovascular functioning (40%), and post-exertion symptoms (28%), cognitive function (26%), fewer studies assessed other symptoms such as overall recovery (24%), the need for rehabilitation (18%), health-related quality of life (16%), changes in work/occupation and study (10%), or survival related to long-COVID-19 (4%). There is a need for controlled cohort studies with long-term follow-up and a focus on overall recovery, health-related quality of life, and the ability to perform daily tasks. Studies need to be extended to later phases of the pandemic and countries with low resources.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.