ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Relationship between Children's Independent Activities and the Built Environment of Outdoor Activity Space in Residential Neighborhoods: A Case Study of Nanjing.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neighborhood child-friendliness and parenting strategies: Community cultural wealth in a public housing community.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2026Article
- Linking park environmental characteristics to child health outcomes: towards an evidence-based child-friendly design framework.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Park Redesign and Renovation on Children's Health-Related Quality of Life.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- Factors affecting outdoor physical activity (OPA) in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Heliyon · 2024Article
- How Thermal Perceptual Schema Mediates Landscape Quality Evaluation and Activity Willingness.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Children are a vulnerable population that is frequently overlooked in urban planning. The spatial demands of children are garnering broader consideration in the development of public spaces in cities as efforts to promote child-friendly cities. Children's independent activities (CIAs) during childhood are undeniably beneficial to their physical and mental health. Residential areas are the main places for children's daily activities. Building a suitable outdoor activity space in the community for children's recreation is an essential foundation for improving CIAs and promoting the development of child-friendly neighborhoods. A sample of 15 typical children's outdoor activity spaces in residential neighborhoods of Nanjing, China, was selected for the study to observe and record CIAs. The built environment indicators of residential outdoor spaces were extracted, and correlation analysis was employed to investigate the residential outdoor space elements relevant to CIAs. The results indicated that at the site level, higher percentages of tree coverage and soft paving enhanced CIAs, while high functional mix inhibited them. Additionally, gated communities, top-notch sanitation, secure facilities, neighborhoods with higher residential densities, and a diversity of activity facilities all stimulated children to engage in independent activities. Furthermore, questionnaires for the guardian indicated that they placed a high priority on site safety, and that waterfront areas and activity sites where incidents had occurred decreased parents' willingness to allow participation in CIAs, whereas safety education or the use of positioning devices may promote CIAs. Based on the above results, we proposed appropriate adaptations for places in residential neighborhoods. The study expects to create a higher quality environment in residential neighborhoods for children to play in public spaces and provide beneficial help to improve the child-friendly neighborhood.
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