ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
The Expression Levels and Concentrations of PD-1 and PD-L1 Proteins in Septic Patients: A Systematic Review.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A bibliometric and visual analysis of research trends and hotspots in sepsis-related immunosuppression (2005-2025).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive Review: Unveiling the Pro-Oncogenic Roles of IL-1ß and PD-1/PD-L1 in NSCLC Development and Targeting Their Pathways for Clinical Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Study on Synthesis, Antiproliferative Properties, Immunomodulatory Effects, and Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of New ΔChemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- PD-L1 Expression in Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Impacts on Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Therapeutic Potential, and Biomarker Utility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Hyper-inflammation and immunosuppression: redefining sepsis therapy using modern approaches.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The authors respond to feedback onFrontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Rethinking post-sepsis syndrome: linking cellular dysfunction to the clinical picture.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Advancing sepsis diagnosis and immunotherapy machine learning-driven identification of stable molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multiple signaling pathways in the frontiers of lung cancer progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 and IL-7 in Lymphocyte Dynamics and Sepsis Progression: A Biomarker Study in Critically Ill Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Observational
- Cytokines in PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor adverse events and implications for the treatment of uveitis.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Can sPD-1 and sPD-L1 Plasma Concentrations Predict Treatment Response among Patients with Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Correction: Sari, M.I.; Ilyas, S. The Expression Levels and Concentrations of PD-1 and PD-L1 Proteins in Septic Patients: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Biomarkers of Sepsis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The role of PD-1 signaling in health and immune-related diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Effect of Secreted IL-10 from Mesenchymal Stem Cell on Immune Checkpoint Molecules.Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH · 2023Article
- The implication of targeting PD-1:PD-L1 pathway in treating sepsis through immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- C-Terminal Fibronectin Exerts Beneficial Effects in Reducing Tissue Damage and Modulating Macrophage Function in a Murine Septic Model.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- The Predictive Value of Heparin-Binding Protein and D-Dimer in Patients with Sepsis.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sepsis is a series of life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an impaired host response to infection. A large number of molecular studies of sepsis have revealed complex interactions between infectious agents and hosts that result in heterogeneous manifestations of sepsis. Sepsis can cause immunosuppression and increase the expression of checkpoint inhibitor molecules, including programmed death protein (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and thus PD-1 and PD-L1 are thought to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic tools for sepsis. PD-1 is an inhibitor of both adaptive and innate immune responses, and is expressed on activated T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and monocytes, whereas PD-L1 is expressed on macrophages, some activated T and B cells, and mesenchymal stem cells as well as various non-hematopoietic cells. This systematic review aims to assess the PD-1 and PD-L1 protein expression levels and concentrations in septic and other infectious patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.