ArticleVeterinary sciences2022
Hormonal Homologies between Canine Mammary Cancer and Human Breast Cancer in a Series of Cases.
Article in Veterinary sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Update on the Role of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Cells · 2026Review
- A One Health Perspective on Cancer: A Narrative Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Limited Chemopreventive Effects of Oral Administration of Polyphenol-60 from Green Tea in the MNU-Induced Rat Mammary Tumor Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Establishment and Partial Characterization of Canine Mammary Tumor Cell Lines.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Androgen Receptors in Human Breast Cancer and Female Canine Mammary Tumors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bicalutamide Enhances Conventional Chemotherapy in In Vitro and In Vivo Assays Using Human and Canine Inflammatory Mammary Cancer Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Canine Mammary Tumors as a Potential Model for Human Breast Cancer in Comparative Oncology.Veterinary medicine international · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The validity of spontaneous canine mammary cancer (CMC) as a natural model for the study of human breast cancer (HBC) from a hormonal point of view has never been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of aromatase (Arom) and steroid receptors [estrogen receptor α (ER α), estrogen receptor β (ER β), progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR)] and intratumor steroid hormone levels of 17β-estradiol (E2), estrone sulfate (SO4E1), progesterone (P4), androstenedione (A4), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and testosterone (T) in 78 samples of mammary cancer-51 human breast cancer (HBC) and 27 canine mammary cancer (CMC)-and corresponding controls. Frequency of tumors expressing Arom, ERβ, PR, and AR was similar in both species, whereas ERα+ tumors were less frequent in the canine species. There was a closer similarity between premenopausal HBC and CMC. In HBC and CMC, all hormones assayed were increased in tumors compared to control samples. Intratumor androgen levels were similar in the two species, although levels of progesterone and estrogens were higher in the HBC samples than the CMC samples. Statistical associations among Arom, receptors, and hormones analyzed suggest that the major hormonal influence in both species is estrogenic through the ER, being the α isoform predominant in the human samples. Our findings further support CMC as a spontaneous model for the study of HBC, especially premenopausal HBC, although several differences, such as the more prevalent ERα immunoexpression and higher intratumor levels of estrogens and P4 in HBC, should be taken into account in comparative hormonal studies.
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