ArticleToxins2022
Real-World Longitudinal Experience of Botulinum Toxin Therapy for Parkinson and Essential Tremor.
Article in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 0 citations in OpenAlex.
- Botulinum Toxin Efficacy in Upper Limb Tremor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical assessment of upper limb impairments and functional capacity in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Tremors.Toxins · 2025Review
- Clinical neurophysiology in the treatment of movement disorders: IFCN handbook chapter.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- Hand and distal joint tremor are most coherent with the activity of elbow flexors and wrist extensors in persons with essential tremor.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Article
- Research hotspots and frontiers of essential tremor from 2013 to 2023: a visualization analysis based on CiteSpace.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBotulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) therapy for upper-limb tremor has emerged as a promising option. However, it is unclear in real-world practices whether a technology-guided approach can compare with expert clinical assessments (including surface anatomy and palpation) for improving outcomes. This retrospective study aims to review our clinical outcomes of treating essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor using either clinical- or kinematic-based injection pattern determination methods.
methods68 ET and 45 PD patients received at least one injection for their upper-limb tremor (unilateral or bilateral) in the last 7 years. Demographics of patients and BoNT-A injections were collected. A Mann-Whitney U statistical test was used to compare outcome measures between ET and PD cohorts.
resultsMean age (72 ± 9 years), number of injections (5), years receiving therapy (~2 years), clinic- (~57%) or kinematic-based patterns, and self-paying (52%) were similar between both cohorts. BoNT-A as a monotherapy in both upper limbs was received in more ET than PD patients. Double reconstitution of Xeomin
conclusionsKinematic-based BoNT-A injections produced similar treatment outcomes to injections based on the clinical expertise of the expert injector. This suggests that kinematics could be used by a non-expert to attain equivalent efficacy potentially improving access to this treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.