Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36004639›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of school health2023

Concussion Public Policy in Elementary and High Schools in Ontario, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Survey to Examine Implementation Compliance, Barriers, and Facilitators.

Swapna Mylabathula, Colin Macarthur, Sandhya Mylabathula, Angela Colantonio, Astrid Guttmann, Charles H Tator

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of school health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Not coping with stress and screen-time: mixed methods.International journal of circumpolar health · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Swapna MylabathulaTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8480-3278
Colin MacarthurThe Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; The Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Sandhya MylabathulaFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Angela ColantonioTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; The Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Department of Occupational Sciences and Occupational Therapy, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Astrid GuttmannTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; The Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Toronto, Canada; Leong Centre for Healthy Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Charles H TatorTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada.
University of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundConcussion public policies have been developed to address the burden of concussions. The aim of the present study was to examine implementation compliance, barriers, and facilitators of Canada's first concussion public policy, Ontario's Policy/Program Memorandum 158: School Board Policies on Concussion (PPM158).

methodsAn electronic survey was sent to 515 randomly selected elementary and high school principals across specific geographic, language, and publicly funded school types in Ontario. Data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods.

resultsOne hundred and thirty-five principals responded to the survey (26%). Concussion education was provided to teachers in 81% of schools, to students in 83%, and coaches in 79%. Additionally, 89% reported having a return-to-learn protocol in place and 90% reported having a return-to-play protocol. Implementation barriers included difficulties in providing concussion education to parents (42%), obtaining notes from physicians, and maintaining the volume of documentation. Eighty-seven percent of respondents believed that PPM158 improves student well-being.

conclusionsIdentified implementation barriers and facilitators can inform concussion policy practices to improve student well-being. We recommend: (1) an appointed concussion policy lead at each school, (2) electronic documentation, (3) determining the optimal education format to improve parent/guardian education, (4) fostering relationships between schools and health care professionals, and (5) student concussion education in every grade in Ontario schools.

Indexed as

Public PolicySchoolsCross-Sectional StudiesHumansOntariodata-driven decision-making in school healthhealth policy and legislationsafety and injury prevention

Identifiers

PMID36004639
PMCPMC10087845
OpenAlexW4293105502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.