ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2023
Impacts of recreational cannabis legalization on cannabis use: a longitudinal discordant twin study.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of legal access versus illegal market cannabis on use and mental health: A randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Trial
- State Cannabis and Alcohol Policy Environments: Associations With College Students' Use of Cannabis, Alcohol, and Both Substances.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Honoring Matt McGue with a Novel Idiographic Behavior Genetics Design.Behavior genetics · 2026Article
- The Highs and Lows of Fracture Fixation: Complications After Wrist Fracture Fixation for Users of Cannabis, Tobacco, or Neither Substance.Hand (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Associations Between State Cannabis and Alcohol Policy Restrictiveness and College Students' Cannabis Use, Binge Drinking and Co-Use.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Cannabis legalization and cannabis use disorder in United States Veterans Health Administration patients with and without psychiatric disorders, 2005-2022: a repeated cross-sectional study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Characteristics of Cannabis Use Among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- Cannabis Use Among Older Adults.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Impulsivity Facets, Social Norms, and Co-Use of Alcohol and Cannabis.Journal of drug issues · 2025Article
- Examining dynamic patterns of problematic cannabis use: Results from a multilevel network analysis.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2025Article
- Association of Recreational Cannabis Legalization with Frequency of Using Cannabis for Sleep.Journal of psychoactive drugs · 2025Article
- Chronic Pain and Substance Use Disorders: A Brief Narrative Review of Genetic, Neurobiological, and Environmental Contributions to Comorbidity.Journal of psychiatry and brain science · 2025Article
- Understanding the online landscape of cannabis discourse: a Twitter analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- A quantitative projection of the net health effects of cannabis legalization in Germany.PloS one · 2025Article
- Missouri College Students' Intentions Towards Initiating or Changing Cannabis Use in a Shifting Legal Landscape.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2025Article
- Understanding Cannabis-Related Information Needs: An Analysis of Inquiries to the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Genetic influences and causal pathways shared between cannabis use disorder and other substance use traits.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- A Bivariate Twin Study of Lifetime cannabis Initiation and Lifetime Regular Tobacco Smoking Across Three Different Countries.Behavior genetics · 2024Article
- What impact could the legalisation of recreational cannabis have on the health of the UK? Lessons from the rest of the world.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2024Article
- Medicinal cannabis use among young adults during California's transition from legalized medical use to adult-use: a longitudinal analysis.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo estimate the effect of recreational legalization on cannabis use frequency and sources of variance across legal environments.
designLongitudinal discordant twin and gene-environment interaction models in twins recruited from birth records and assessed prospectively.
settingThe United States, including states with different recreational cannabis policies before and after 2014, when recreational cannabis was first legalized.
participantsTwo longitudinal, prospectively assessed samples of American twins aged 24-47 (n = 1425 in legal states, n = 1996 in illegal states), including 111 monozygotic pairs discordant for residence. MEASUREMENTS: Current cannabis use frequency (measured continuously and ordinally) was the primary outcome, and the predictor was recreational status of cannabis (legal/illegal) in the participant's state of residence at the time of assessment. Covariates include age, sex and cannabis use frequency prior to 2014.
findingsAccounting for pre-2014 use, residents of legal states used cannabis more frequently than residents of illegal states (b = 0.21, P = 8.08 × 10
conclusionsIn the United States, there appears to be a ~ 20% average increase in cannabis use frequency attributable to recreational legalization, consistent across increasingly rigorous designs. In addition, the heritability of cannabis use frequency appears to be moderated by legalization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.