ArticleHarm reduction journal2022
Intersecting substance use treatment and harm reduction services: exploring the characteristics and service needs of a community-based sample of people who use drugs.
Article in Harm reduction journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Barriers and facilitators to initiating and adhering to harm reduction services among people who inject drugs in the United States: a systematic review.Harm reduction journal · 2026Pooled it
- Addiction Consult Services, Mortality, and Acute Care Utilization in Inpatients With Opioid Use Disorder: A Secondary Analysis of a Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- "That would be such a game changer": a qualitative study of the acceptability and feasibility of a digital harm reduction support tool among people who use drugs.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Smartphone-Based Ecological Momentary Assessment to Monitor Opioid Use and Overdose Among People Who Use Opioids: Prospective Observational Feasibility Study.JMIR human factors · 2026Observational
- How does music contribute to well-being? Perspectives from homeless young adults with problematic psychoactive substance use.Psychology of music · 2026Article
- "The Sky Didn't Fall": Patient and Clinician Experiences With Increased Buprenorphine Prescription Lengths During Pandemic-related Telehealth Expansion.Journal of addiction medicine · 2026Article
- Impact of lab-based drug checking services on syringe service program engagement in Maryland, USA.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Harm reduction and pharmacy practice: a scoping review of services for people who use drugs provided by pharmacy staff.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Syringe service program leader and participant perspectives on reasons for opioid-stimulant co-use in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- "That would be such a game changer": A qualitative study of the acceptability and feasibility of a digital harm reduction support tool among people who use drugs.Research square · 2025Article
- "They won't prosecute, but they will though:" the continuing struggle between criminalization and harm reduction within the criminal justice system in the context of an opioid overdose crisis.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Harm reduction in substance use: perspectives and experiences of community volunteers and student interns in Durban, South Africa.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Understanding the use of telemedicine across different opioid use disorder treatment models: A scoping review.Journal of telemedicine and telecare · 2025Article
- Implementing a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) promotion intervention among persons who inject drugs: Perspectives from community and research implementation partners.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing HIV Testing and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Substance Use Treatment Programs: Perspectives of Non-medical Staff.Substance use & addiction journal · 2024Article
- Safety strategies and harm reduction for methamphetamine users in the era of fentanyl contamination: A qualitative analysis.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- People who use drugs engagement in substance use disorder services and harm reduction: evaluation, challenges and future direction of a community-based intervention.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2024Article
- Substance use patterns, sociodemographics, and health profiles of harm reduction service recipients in Burlington, Vermont.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Implementing harm reduction kits in an office-based addiction treatment program.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Differential risks of syringe service program participants in Central Ohio: a latent class analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSubstance use treatment and harm reduction services are essential components of comprehensive strategies for reducing the harms of drug use and overdose. However, these services have been historically siloed, and there is a need to better understand how programs that serve people who use drugs (PWUD) are integrating these services. In this study, we compared treatment and harm reduction services offered by a multistate sample of substance use service providers and assessed how well they align with characteristics and needs of clients they serve early in the COVID-19 pandemic.
methodsWe recruited a convenience sample of programs that deliver harm reduction and/or treatment services in ten US states. Program directors participated in a survey assessing the services offered at their program. We also recruited clients of these programs to participate in a survey assessing a range of sociodemographic and health characteristics, substance use behaviors, and health service utilization. We then cross-compared client characteristics and behaviors relative to services being offered through these programs.
resultsWe collected and analyzed data from 511 clients attending 18 programs that we classified as either offering treatment with medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) (N = 6), syringe service programs (SSP) (N = 8), or offering both MOUD and SSP (N = 4). All programs delivered a range of treatment and harm reduction services, with MOUD & SSP programs delivering the greatest breadth of services. There were discrepancies between services provided and characteristics and behaviors reported by clients: 80% of clients of programs that offered MOUD without SSP actively used drugs and 50% injected drugs; 40% of clients of programs that offered SSP without MOUD sought drug treatment services. Approximately half of clients were unemployed and unstably housed, but few programs offered direct social services.
conclusionsIn many ways, existing programs are not meeting the service needs of PWUD. Investing in innovative models that empower clients and integrate a range of accessible and flexible treatment, harm reduction and social services can pave the way for a more effective and equitable service system that considers the long-term health of PWUD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.