ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022
Mother's Milk Messaging™: trial evaluation of app and texting for breastfeeding support.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of Digital Health Interventions on Breastfeeding Rates, Self-Efficacy, and Knowledge: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Parent-Targeted Digital Health Interventions on Breastfeeding Practices: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Mobile applications for promoting and supporting breastfeeding: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- The Effects of Interventions During Pregnancy to Improve Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of midwifery & women's healthPooled it
- Effectiveness of a Mobile Breastfeeding Monitoring Tool Among Mothers in WeChat Groups on Breastfeeding Exclusivity and Self-Efficacy: Intention-to-Treat and Per-Protocol Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Social Media Versus Customized Mobile Apps for Online Perinatal Mental Health Support: The Potential for a Hybrid Model.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Interventions Aiming to Improve Breastfeeding Duration Among Primiparous Women: A Scoping Review.Pediatric reports · 2026Review
- A Pilot Breastfeeding-Supportive Texting Program for African American and Black Mothers.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2024Article
- Acceptability and effect ofJournal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNew mothers experience BF challenges but have limited evidence-based technology-enabled support.
objectives1) Determine if using the Mother's Milk Messaging™ app improved aspects of breastfeeding and breastfeeding rates and 2) Describe engagement as well as themes from the qualitative feedback on the app.
methodRandomized Controlled Trial National sample of primiparous, singleton mothers recruited online and then randomized using stratification by language into three arms: 1) BF text messages plus app; 2) BF text messages, app and physician-moderated private Facebook (FB) group; 3) Attention control group who received injury prevention texts. Exclusive breastfeeding rates as primary outcome and knowledge/attitude, confidence, and social support as secondary outcomes. We determined engagement through analysis of app usage metrics. We conducted and content-coded interviews with participants to learn more about app usage and BF experience. Due to the nature of the intervention participants could not be blinded.
resultsThere were a total of 346 participants in the trial, with 227 in the Intervention (n = 154 group 1 and n = 156 group 2) and 119 in the control group. Because of minimal Facebook activity, the two intervention groups 1 and 2 were combined. There were no differences in breastfeeding exclusivity and duration. (NS). Women in the intervention arm reported significantly higher confidence with breastfeeding and perceived social support to the control group (p < .05). Greater than 80% registered the app and those that engaged with the app had higher scores with time. Mothers appreciated receiving text messages and videos with reliable information. No harm was reported in this study.
conclusionMMM increased confidence with breastfeeding and with gathering social supports. Exclusively BF was high in all participants. Mothers perceived it as useful and dependable especially the texting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.