ArticleScience advances2022
Psychological inoculation improves resilience against misinformation on social media.
Article in Science advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Understanding the mechanisms of change in social norms around tobacco use: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Psychological Inoculation for Credibility Assessment, Sharing Intention, and Discernment of Misinformation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of an online vaccine misinformation game for Arabic-speaking Australians: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2026Trial
- Using a mental model approach to undercut the effects of exposure to mRNA vaccination misconceptions: Two randomized trials.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Trial
- Psychological inoculation improves resilience to and reduces willingness to share vaccine misinformation.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- A prosocial fake news intervention with durable effects.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Can Knowledge Counteract Conflict? A Partial Replication Study of PFAS Science Communication.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2026Article
- Turning the tables on industry narratives: a health communication playbook for promoting health.Health promotion international · 2026Article
- Blueprint of a smokescreen: Introducing the validated climate disinformation corpus for behavioural research on combating climate disinformation.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026Article
- When machines misread science: creating guardrails for human and AI interpretation of biomedical research.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Psychological inoculation against climate doom.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Still very much dead and alive: Incoherence in conspiracism as a departure from Bayesian rationality.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Engagement Trends in Online Vaccine Content: Longitudinal YouTube Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Uptake, Illness and Economic Burden, and Vaccine Information Exposure Among Young Adults in the San Francisco Bay Area.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Perspectives on Attrition Among Emergency Physicians.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Think. Build. Heal. Also, tell the story.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Building better conversations: results of a community-based online health misinformation and motivational interviewing training program in Alaska.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Improving science literacy in the newsroom: Experimental evidence.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- The Role of Humor in Inoculation Theory.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Video inoculation against election misinformation across 12 EU nations.Communications psychology · 2026Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Online misinformation continues to have adverse consequences for society. Inoculation theory has been put forward as a way to reduce susceptibility to misinformation by informing people about how they might be misinformed, but its scalability has been elusive both at a theoretical level and a practical level. We developed five short videos that inoculate people against manipulation techniques commonly used in misinformation: emotionally manipulative language, incoherence, false dichotomies, scapegoating, and ad hominem attacks. In seven preregistered studies, i.e., six randomized controlled studies (
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.