ArticleJournal of nephrology2023
Negative prognostic impact of electrolyte disorders in patients hospitalized for Covid-19 in a large multicenter study.
Article in Journal of nephrology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of hypernatremia with mortality in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Pooled it
- Multiple electrolyte imbalances in hospitalized patients: a multimorbidity perspective from a large, retrospective cohort study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Early clinical and laboratory markers associated with post-COVID respiratory syndrome: A retrospective analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Association Between Nursing Diagnoses and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Article
- Article
- Plasma aldosterone is low in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and not associated with changes in serum potassium levels:Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Observational
- Observational
- Elevated Serum Urea-to-Creatinine Ratio and In-Hospital Death in Patients with Hyponatremia Hospitalized for COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prognostic impact of electrolyte disorders in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is unclear.
methodsThe study included all adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in four hospitals in Northern Italy between January 2020 and May 2021 with at least one serum potassium and sodium measurement performed within 3 days since admission. Primary outcome was in-hospital death; secondary outcome was Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. A cause-specific Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used for investigating the association between potassium and sodium (as either categorical or continuous variables) and mortality or admission to ICU.
resultsAnalyses included 3,418 adult hospitalized COVID-19 patients. At multivariable analysis, both hyperkalemia (Hazard Ratio, [HR] 1.833, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.371-2.450) and sK above the median (K 5.1 vs 4.1 mmol/L: HR 1.523, 95% CI 1.295-1.798), and hypernatremia (HR 2.313, 95%CI 1.772-3.018) and sNa above the median (Na 149 vs 139 mmol/L: HR 1.442, 95% CI 1.234-1.686), were associated with in-hospital death, whereas hypokalemia and hyponatremia were not. Hyponatremia was associated with increased hazard of ICU admission (HR 1.884, 95%CI 1.389-2.556).
conclusionsElectrolyte disorders detected at hospital admission may allow early identification of COVID-19 patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes.
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