ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2022
Longitudinal clinical study of patients with iron rim lesions in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between chronic active lesions and clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A systematic literature review.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2025Pooled it
- Reliability of paramagnetic rim lesion classification on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in people with multiple sclerosis: Single-site experience and systematic review.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- The hypoxia-inflammation cycle as a key mechanism of smoldering inflammation and progression in multiple sclerosis.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Review
- Metabolic changes in normal-appearing white matter associate with MRI measures of disease burden in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis over three years.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Topographical Variation of Iron-Rimmed Lesions in the Multiple Sclerosis Brain and Spinal Cord: A Neuropathological Study.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- Updates in Multiple Sclerosis Imaging.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2025Review
- Spatially-restricted inflammation-induced senescent-like glia in multiple sclerosis and patient-derived organoids.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Broad rim lesions are a new pathological and imaging biomarker for rapid disease progression in multiple sclerosis.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Multiparametric Quantitative MRI Evaluation of Acute and Chronic Multiple Sclerosis Paramagnetic Rim Lesions.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025Article
- Predictors of risk of secondary progression in multiple sclerosis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Associations Between Paramagnetic Rim Lesion Evolution and Clinical and Radiologic Disease Progression in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology · 2024Article
- Impact of paramagnetic rim lesions on disability and race in multiple sclerosis: mediation analysis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Observational
- Chronic active lesions preferentially localize in watershed territories in multiple sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Advanced MRI Measures of Myelin and Axon Volume Identify Repair in Multiple Sclerosis.Annals of neurology · 2024Article
- Assessing disease progression and treatment response in progressive multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- Imaging chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis: a consensus statement.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Review
- The relation between BTK expression and iron accumulation of myeloid cells in multiple sclerosis.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Central Vein Sign and Paramagnetic Rim Lesions: Susceptibility Changes in Brain Tissues and Their Implications for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis Pathology.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Paramagnetic rim lesions predict greater long-term relapse rates and clinical progression over 10 years.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIron rims (IRs) surrounding white matter lesions (WMLs) are suggested to predict a more severe disease course. Only small longitudinal cohorts of patients with and without iron rim lesions (IRLs) have been reported so far.
objectiveTo assess whether the presence and number of IRLs in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are associated with long-term disability or progressive disease.
methodsNinety-one CIS/MS patients were recruited between 2008 and 2013 and scanned with 7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was used to calculate Age-related Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (ARMSS) at the time of scan and at the latest clinical follow-up after 9 years. WMLs were assessed for the presence of IRL using Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)-filtered phase images.
resultsIn all, 132 IRLs were detected in 42 patients (46%); 9% of WMLs had IRs; 54% of the cohort had no rims, 30% had 1-3 rims and 16% had ⩾4. Patients with IRL had a higher EDSS and ARMSS. Presence of IRL was also a predictor of long-term disability, especially in patients with ⩾4 IRLs. IRLs have a greater impact on disability compared to the WML number and volume.
conclusionThe presence and number of perilesional IR on MRI hold prognostic value for long-term clinical disability in MS.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.