ArticleBMC psychiatry2022
Measuring mental well-being in Sri Lanka: validation of the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) in a Sinhala speaking community.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychometric properties of the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Psychometric validation of the Chinese Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale in patients with heart failure or myocardial infarction: evidence from classical test theory and item response theory.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Spanish Version of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS): Evidence on Validity, Reliability, and Test of a Processual Model of Physicians' Well-Being.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Short Warwick-Edinbugh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS) among adolescents and youths.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Revisiting the bi-factor structure of the short version of the Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale with samples in China.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Further validation of the Chinese short Warwick Edinburgh mental wellbeing scale in the adult population of Macau: an application of classic test theory and item response theory.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS): an Italian validation using confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- A scoping review of well-being measures: conceptualisation and scales for overall well-being.BMC psychology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWell-being is an important aspect of people's lives and can be considered as an index of social progress. The Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being scale (WEMWBS) was developed to capture subjective mental well-being. It is a widely tested measure of mental well-being at the population level and has 14 items and a short-form with 7 items. This study was carried out to culturally validate and adapt the WEMWBS among a Sinhala speaking population in Sri Lanka.
methodsA forward and backward translation of the scale into Sinhala was done followed by a cognitive interview. The translated and culturally adapted scale and other mental health scales were administered to a sample of 294 persons between the ages of 17-73 using a paper-based version (n = 210) and an online survey (n = 84). Internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were tested. Construct validity, and convergent and discriminant validity were assessed using the total sample.
resultsThe translated questionnaire had good face and content validity. Internal consistency reliability was 0.91 and 0.84 for the 14-item and 7-item scales, respectively. Test-retest reliability over two weeks was satisfactory (Spearman r = 0.72 p < 0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a one factor model. Convergent validity was assessed using WHO-5 well-being index (Spearman r = 0.67, p < 0.001), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) (Spearman r = (-0.45), p < 0.001) and Kessler psychological distress scale (K10) (Spearman r = (-0.55), p < 0.001).
conclusionsThe translated and culturally adapted Sinhala version of the WEMWBS has acceptable psychometric properties to assess mental well-being at the population level among the Sinhala speaking population in Sri Lanka.
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