Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35998957›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Relationship between working conditions and psychological distress experienced by junior doctors in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey study.

Alice Dunning, Kevin Teoh, James Martin, Johanna Spiers, Marta Buszewicz, Carolyn Chew-Graham, Anna Kathryn Taylor, Anya Gopfert, Maria Van Hove, Louis Appleby and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.

Alice DunningResearch, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK alice.dunning@bthft.nhs.uk.ORCID 0000-0001-5078-7567
Kevin TeohDepartment of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6490-8208
James MartinInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Johanna SpiersCollege of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3935-1997
Marta BuszewiczResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Carolyn Chew-GrahamSchool of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9722-9981
Anna Kathryn TaylorSchool of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8149-3841
Anya GopfertSchool of Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK.
Maria Van HoveLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Louis ApplebyDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Manchester Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester, UK.
Ruth RileySchool of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8774-5344
University of Birmingham · GBBirkbeck, University of London · GBBradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · GBIndiana University School of MedicineLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBOxford University Hospitals NHS Trust · GBPrimary Health Care · QAUniversity of Leeds · GBUniversity of Manchester · GBUniversity of Surrey · GB

Funding

Department of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis paper explored the self-reported prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among junior doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also reports the association between working conditions and psychological distress experienced by junior doctors.

designA cross-sectional online survey study was conducted, using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and Health and Safety Executive scale to measure psychological well-being and working cultures of junior doctors.

settingThe National Health Service in the UK.

participantsA sample of 456 UK junior doctors was recruited online during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 to January 2021.

resultsJunior doctors reported poor mental health, with over 40% scoring extremely severely depressed (45.2%), anxious (63.2%) and stressed (40.2%). Both gender and ethnicity were found to have a significant influence on levels of anxiety. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis outlined the specific working conditions which significantly predicted depression (increased demands (β=0.101), relationships (β=0.27), unsupportive manager (β=-0.111)), anxiety (relationships (β=0.31), change (β=0.18), demands (β=0.179)) and stress (relationships (β=0.18), demands (β=0.28), role (β=0.11)).

conclusionsThe findings illustrate the importance of working conditions for junior doctors' mental health, as they were significant predictors for depression, anxiety and stress. Therefore, if the mental health of junior doctors is to be improved, it is important that changes or interventions specifically target the working environment rather than factors within the individual clinician.

Indexed as

COVID-19Psychological DistressCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionHumansPandemicsState MedicineUnited KingdomCOVID-19education & training (see medical education & training)health & safetyhuman resource managementorganisational developmentquality in health care

Identifiers

PMID35998957
PMCPMC9402444
OpenAlexW4292846860

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.