Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35997818›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology2022

Olfactory dysfunction is common in classical infratentorial superficial siderosis of the central nervous system.

Natallia Kharytaniuk, E A Lim, E Chan, M Pavlou, D J Werring, D E Bamiou

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Natallia KharytaniukEar Institute, University College London, London, UK. n.kharytaniuk@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5392-263X
E A LimLysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.
E ChanDepartment of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.
M PavlouDepartment of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK.
D J WerringStroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
D E BamiouEar Institute, University College London, London, UK.
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery · GBImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust · GBNational Institute for Health Research · GBUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Ulster · GB

Funding

NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre (Deafness and Hearing Problems Theme) BRC-1215-20016-546624
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEstablished features of classical infratentorial superficial siderosis (iSS) include hearing loss, impaired balance, myelopathy and, less commonly, cognitive compromise. Olfactory function may be affected but dedicated studies are lacking. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in iSS and correlate it with auditory and cognitive functions.

methodsTen participants with iSS completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). The scores were compared with population norms; regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations between the scores and hearing thresholds (3-frequency average, 3FA) or the number of cognitive domains impaired. Imaging was reviewed for haemosiderin distribution and to exclude other causes of olfactory and hearing dysfunction.

resultsEight of ten participants were male; the mean (standard deviation, SD) age was 52.5 (14.5) years. Olfactory hypofunction was identified in all participants and in six (60%) was moderate or completely absent. The mean UPSIT score of 25.5 (7.8) was significantly worse than population norms (difference in means - 10.0; 95% CI - 15.6 to - 4.4). Linear regression identified an association between UPSIT and hearing thresholds (R = 0.75; p = 0.013). The score decreases by 0.157 units (95% CI - 0.31 to - 0.002; p = 0.048) per unit increase in 3FA, after adjusting for hearing loss risk factors. There was no statistically significant association between UPSIT and cognitive function (R = 0.383; p = 0.397).

conclusionWe report a high prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in iSS, the severity of which correlated with hearing loss. Olfaction appears to be a core feature of the iSS clinical syndrome that should be assessed routinely.

Indexed as

Olfaction DisordersSiderosisCentral Nervous SystemCognitionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSmellCentral nervous systemCognitionHearingOlfactionSmell testSuperficial siderosis

Identifiers

PMID35997818
PMCPMC9396566
OpenAlexW4292737822

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.