ArticlePediatric blood & cancer2022
Age- and sex-specific rates of gall bladder disease in children with sickle cell disease.
Article in Pediatric blood & cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography and Post Endoscopy Cholecystectomies in Pediatric Population-Longitudinal, Nationwide Data from Poland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Acute Pancreatitis in Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChildren with sickle cell disease (SCD) have an increased risk for gallstones due to chronic hyperbilirubinemia from hemolysis. Although gallstones are a known complication, there is variability in estimates of disease burden and uncertainty in the association between sex and gall bladder disease (GBD).
methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of children with SCD using administrative claims data (January 1, 2014-December 31, 2018). Population-averaged multivariable panel-data logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between GBD clinical encounters (outcome) and two exposures (age and sex). Annual GBD risk was calculated using predictive margins, adjusting for disease severity, transfusion frequency, and hydroxyurea exposure.
resultsA total of 13,745 individuals (of 21,487 possible) met inclusion criteria. The population was evenly split across sex (49.5% female) with predominantly Medicaid insurance (69%). A total of 946 individuals (6.9%) had GBD, 432 (3.1%) had a gallstone complication, and 487 (3.5%) underwent cholecystectomy. The annual risk of GBD rose nonlinearly from 1 to 5% between ages 1 and 19 years with no difference between males and females. Cholecystectomy occurred primarily in individuals with GBD (87%), and neither age nor sex was associated with cholecystectomy in this population. High disease severity (compared with low) more than doubled the annual risk of GBD at all ages.
conclusionsGBD is associated with age but not sex in children with SCD. Neither age nor sex is associated with risk of cholecystectomy. High disease severity increases the rate of GBD at all ages.
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Registered trials
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