ReviewHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2023
Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure in Women.
Review in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension 2025 (JSH2025).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Guideline
- The impact of dietary sodium and fructose on renal sodium handling and blood pressure in healthy adults.Physiological reports · 2025Trial
- Sex-dependent modulation of T and NK cells and gut microbiome by low sodium diet in patients with primary aldosteronism.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Myeloid Activator Protein-1 Complex Contributes to Salt-Sensitive Hypertension.Circulation research · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the progression of salt-sensitive hypertension in aged Dahl salt-sensitive rats.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Blood Pressure Changes During Aging and Menopause Among Forager-Horticulturalists in the Bolivian Amazon.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026Article
- Sex-dependent differences in mitochondrial protein acetylation in metabolic condition, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Molecular systems, human noncoding sequence variants, and blood pressure.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Exosome Cargo Reveals Potential New Mechanisms of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Hypertension in Women Across the Life Cycle: Unique Aspects and Challenges.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- A Cross-Sectional Study of Sex-Specific Associations of Renin and Electrolytes on the Development of Hypertension.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Impact of Obesity on the Association Between Salt Intake and Blood Pressure in Adult Men With Hypertension Who Participated in the Remote Lifestyle Intervention.Journal of obesity · 2026Observational
- Review
- Blood pressure reduction and anti-inflammatory macrophage augmentation attenuate uterine immune dysregulation and inflammation in mice with salt-sensitive hypertension.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Article
- Integrated mechanisms linking sodium-potassium imbalance to salt-sensitive hypertension.Physiological reports · 2025Review
- Trends of Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Attributable to High Sodium Intake From 1990 to 2021 and Projections to 2030: A Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- The multifaceted impact of a high-salt environment on the immune system and its contribution to salt-sensitive hypertension.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Sex differences in central salt sensing in the human brain.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2025Article
- Excess dietary potassium raises blood pressure in male mice by an aldosterone-dependent increase in ENaC.Communications biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Several clinical and large population studies indicate that women are more salt-sensitive than men, yet the precise mechanisms by which the sexually dimorphic onset manifests remains incompletely understood. Here, we evaluate recent epidemiological data and highlight current knowledge from studies investigating sex-specific mechanisms of salt-sensitive blood pressure (SSBP). Emerging evidence indicates that women of all ethnicities are more salt-sensitive than men, at all ages both premenopausal and postmenopausal. However, menopause exacerbates severity and prevalence of SSBP, suggesting that female sex chromosomes predispose to and female sex hormones mitigate SSBP. Results from both human and rodent studies support the contribution of enhanced and inappropriate activation of the aldosterone-ECMR (endothelial cell mineralocorticoid receptor) axis promoting vascular dysfunction in females. Increases in adrenal response to angiotensin II, in association with higher ECMR expression and activation of endothelial ENaC (epithelial sodium channel) in females compared to males, are emerging as central players in the development of endothelial dysfunction and SSBP in females. Female sex increases the prevalence and susceptibility of SSBP and sex hormones and sex chromosome complement may exert antagonistic effects in the development of the female heightened SSBP.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.