ArticleJournal of functional foods2022
Development of propolis and essential oils containing oral/throat spray formulation against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Journal of functional foods, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Properties of the Natural Food Supplement "Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of the Chemical and Bioactivity Profiles of EndemicMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Chewable tablet with herbal extracts and propolis arrests Wuhan and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 virus.Journal of functional foods · 2023Article
- Essential oils block cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A broad range of evidence has confirmed that natural products and essential oils might have the potential to suppress COVID-19 infection. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an oral/throat spray formulation for prophylactic use in the oral cavity or help treatment modalities. Based on a reference survey, several essential oils, a cold-pressed oil, and propolis were selected, and cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of each component and the developed spray formulation were examined against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using Vero E6 cells. Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic activities as well as mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of the formulation were analysed. Forty-three phenolics were identified in both propolis extract and oral/throat spray. The spray with 1:640-fold dilution provided the highest efficacy and the cytopathic effect was delayed for 54 h at this dilution, and the antiviral activity rate was 85.3%. A combination of natural products with essential oils at the right concentrations can be used as a supplement for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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