Trial reportNature medicine2022
Atezolizumab versus chemotherapy in advanced or metastatic NSCLC with high blood-based tumor mutational burden: primary analysis of BFAST cohort C randomized phase 3 trial.
Trial report in Nature medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03178552 (A Phase II/III Multicenter Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Targeted Therapies as Treatments for Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase II/III Multicenter Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Targeted Therapies as Treatments for Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Harboring Actionable Somatic Mutations Detected in Blood (B-FAST: Blood-First Assay Screening Trial)
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of histology on the efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The prognostic role of circulating DNA markers in patients with lung malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Biomarkers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Precision Oncology Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review of Phase II Clinical Trials with Biomarker-Driven, Adaptive Design.Cancer research and treatment · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of ECOG performance status on efficacy of immunotherapy and immune-based combinations in cancer patients: the MOUSEION-06 study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Pancreatic adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy for solid cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Tumor-Informed ctDNA in Guiding First-Line Immunochemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Randomized, open-label, phase 2 study of nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors of high tumor mutational burden.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Entrectinib in ROS1-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the phase 2/3 BFAST trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Towards liquid biopsy-based analysis of antitumour immunity.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Applications of circulating tumor DNA in unresectable and advanced non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy: from stratification to therapeutic guidance.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Should we optimise or revise the management of initially unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer: rethinking consolidation therapy.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2026Article
- Characteristics and hematological indicators predictors of immunotherapy response in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Exploratory plasma ctDNA genomic biomarkers identified by whole-exome sequencing and a novel bioinformatics pipeline in advanced driver-negative NSCLC.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Clinician-deployable deep hypergraph model integrating clinical and CT radiomics predicts immunotherapy outcomes in NSCLC.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- ctDNA-derived copy-number signatures associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance beyond PD-L1 and TMB in advanced NSCLC.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Peripheral blood biomarkers in PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy: distinguishing predictive from prognostic biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advances in neoadjuvant immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 18 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is being explored as a predictive biomarker for cancer immunotherapy outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer. BFAST (NCT03178552)-an open-label, global, multicohort trial-evaluated the safety and efficacy of first-line targeted therapies or immunotherapy in patients with unresectable Stage IIIB or IV advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who were selected for biomarker status using blood-based targeted next-generation sequencing. In the Phase 3 cohort C evaluating blood-based (b)TMB as a biomarker of atezolizumab efficacy, patients with bTMB of ≥10 (N = 471) were randomized 1:1 to receive atezolizumab or platinum-based chemotherapy per local standard of care. Cohort C did not meet its primary endpoint of investigator-assessed progression-free survival in the population with bTMB of ≥16 (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval: 0.59, 1.00; P = 0.053). Adverse events leading to treatment withdrawal occurred in 10% of patients in the atezolizumab arm and 20% in the chemotherapy arm. Adverse events of special interest occurred in 42% of patients in the atezolizumab arm and 26% in the chemotherapy arm. A prespecified exploratory analysis compared the bTMB clinical trial assay with the FoundationOne Liquid Companion Diagnostic assay and showed high concordance between assays. Additional exploration of bTMB to identify optimal cutoffs, confounding factors, assay improvements or cooperative biomarkers is warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.