ReviewAnnual review of nutrition2022
Obesity Dysregulates the Immune Response to Influenza Infection and Vaccination Through Metabolic and Inflammatory Mechanisms.
Review in Annual review of nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between body mass index and influenza antibody titer and immune cell count after influenza vaccination: an exploratory study.BMC immunology · 2026Observational
- Lifestyle intervention is associated with attenuation of ER stress/inflammation and enhancement of naive immune cell identity in older adults with metabolic disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysregulation reshapes the immune landscape: The gut microbiota-mTOR axis in respiratory viral infection immunity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Review
- Expansion of bone marrow adipocytes in obese mice leads to PD-L1-driven bone marrow immunosuppression and osteoclastogenesis.Bone research · 2026Article
- FGF21 Exacerbates Obesity-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness and FGFR1-Dependent Mast Cell Activation in Mice.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Acute Phase Extrapulmonary Effects of a High-Dose Influenza A Virus Infection in a Mouse Model of Obesity.Zoonotic diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genetic deletion of Alx/Fpr2 differentially regulates pulmonary inflammation in the absence and presence of acute lung injury.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Chronic Diseases and Influenza Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Reduced IFN-γ-expressing SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advances in the understanding and therapeutic manipulation of cancer immune responsiveness: a Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) review.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Review
- Interaction among inflammasome, PANoptosise, and innate immune cells in infection of influenza virus: Updated review.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- The intersection of obesity and (long) COVID-19: Hypoxia, thrombotic inflammation, and vascular endothelial injury.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates that obesity alone, independent of comorbidities, is a significant risk factor for severe outcomes from infection. This susceptibility mirrors a similar pattern with influenza infection; that is, obesity is a unique risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is critical to understand how obesity contributes to a reduced ability to respond to respiratory viral infections. Herein, we discuss human and animal studies with influenza infection and vaccination that show obesity impairs immunity. We cover several key mechanisms for the dysfunction. These mechanisms include systemic and cellular level changes that dysregulate immune cell metabolism and function in addition to how obesity promotes deficiencies in metabolites that control the resolution of inflammation and infection. Finally, we discuss major gaps in knowledge, particularly as they pertain to diet and mechanisms, which will drive future efforts to improve outcomes in response to respiratory viral infections in an increasingly obese population.
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Registered trials
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