ArticleInternational journal of methods in psychiatric research2023
Cross-cultural equivalence of parental ratings of child difficulties during the pandemic: Findings from a six-site study.
Article in International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cross-cultural evidence for positive control and mind-mindedness as buffers for parental distress.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Cross-cultural associations between behavioural, emotional, and cognitive differences in autistic children and parental wellbeing: evidence from five countries.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The role of caregiver emotion regulation in youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Exploring Parenting Styles Patterns and Children's Socio-Emotional Skills.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Cross-cultural equivalence of parental ratings of child difficulties during the pandemic: Findings from a six-site study.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2023Article
- Family Function and Child Adjustment Difficulties in the COVID-19 Pandemic: An International Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) has been shown to be invariant across informants, developmental stage and settings, but tests of cross-cultural equivalence are limited to adolescents' self-reports. The COVID-19 pandemic makes this gap particularly pertinent, given the need to understand whether distinct government approaches (e.g., school closures) are uniquely associated with variability in children's psychosocial outcomes and the reliance on parents' ratings for young children.
methodsWithin a Confirmatory Factor Analysis framework, we tested the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the SDQ across six countries: Australia, China, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom and USA, using a sample of 1761 parents of 3- to 8-year-olds (M = 5.76, SD = 1.09).
resultsA five-factors model showed good fit to the data and partial cross-cultural scalar invariance. In this sample, Swedish parents reported the fewest peer problems (Cohen's d = 0.950) and the highest prosocial scores (Cohen's d = 0.547), whilst British parents reported the greatest child emotional (Cohen's d = 0.412) and hyperactivity problems (Cohen's d = 0.535).
conclusionsThe present results indicate that the parent-version of the SDQ is appropriate for use and comparison across different contexts during the pandemic.
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