ReviewClinical epidemiology2022
Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnoses: A Comparison of Countries with Different Income Levels.
Review in Clinical epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pharmacological intervention for irritability, aggression, and self-injury in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- From Recognition to Diagnosis: Caregiver Response, Help-Seeking Pathways, and Access-Related Factors Associated with Autism Diagnostic Delay in Jordan.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Delayed Diagnosis and Missed Opportunities for Early Autism Identification in Brazil: An Exploratory Scoping Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Burden and risk factors of autism spectrum disorder: global study and analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Dietary challenges and supplement use in children with autism spectrum disorder in the West Bank-Palestine: a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Differences in needs and availability of healthcare, education and social protection between school-age children and youth with autistic spectrum disorder and their families in Serbia.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2026Article
- A pathway to health: Spiritual health and health-promoting behaviors in parents of children with ASD.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Exploring neurodevelopmental concerns: insights from a public neuropediatric learning disabilities multiprofessional outpatient facility in Brazil.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Delayed diagnosis in children with autism spectrum disorder or intellectual disability.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Article
- Clinical and sociodemographic factors related to the timing of autism diagnosis in an Italian cohort of children.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- "Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Intercontinental insights into autism spectrum disorder: a synthesis of environmental influences and DNA methylation.Environmental epigenetics · 2024Review
- Unraveling Lifelong Brain Morphometric Dynamics: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Healthy Neurodevelopment and Ageing.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Dominican Republic: A Mini Review of the Current Situation.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Overview of Services for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) and among Immigrants and Minority Groups in High-Income Countries (HICs).Brain sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to assess whether high-income countries have a lower mean age at the time of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) than low- and middle-income countries. Method: We reviewed studies related to ASD diagnoses and the time of first concerns in low-, middle-, and high-income countries, published in PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs, and ScienceDirect. Thirty articles were included: 13 from low- and middle-income countries and 17 from high-income countries. Results: The average delay between initial concerns and diagnosis was 32.33 months, with initial concerns averaging 23.64 months and diagnosis at 55.97 months. No statistical differences were found between countries with low-, middle-, and high-income. Conclusions: This review found a considerable delay in ASD diagnosis despite an early presence of recognized signs and symptoms. It highlights the urgent need for standardized tools for early ASD diagnosis.
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Registered trials
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