ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
TIM-4 in macrophages contributes to nasal polyp formation through the TGF-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in nasal epithelial cells.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Programmed Cell Death in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026Review
- Infiltration of TIM4-positive intratumoral macrophages serves as an adverse prognostic factor in breast cancer.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- [Research progress on epithelial mucosal barrier impairment contributing to chronic rhinosinusitis].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2026Review
- Efferocytosis failure in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: receptor-level mechanisms of unresolved type 2 inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species in otorhinolaryngological diseases: insights from pathophysiology to targeted antioxidant therapies.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2025Review
- [Mechanisms of HNE mediated NLRP3 promoting EMT in chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2025Article
- Discovering biomarkers for chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps: a study integrating bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation of macrophage polarization and metabolism-related genes.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Journal of rhinology : official journal of the Korean Rhinologic Society · 2024Review
- MicroRNA-145-5p Regulates the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Nasal Polyps by Targeting Smad3.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Tim4 deficiency reduces CD301bInternational journal of oral science · 2024Article
- Downregulation of TET2 Contributes to Nasal Polypogenesis Through Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α-Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Conditioned Medium Derived From Human Dental Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviates Macrophage Proinflammatory Responses Through MAPK-ERK-EGR1 Axis.Stem cells international · 2024Article
- Combining Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics to Investigate the Mechanisms of Yujiang Paidu Decoction in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Article
- TET2 deficiency promotes anxiety and depression-like behaviors by activating NLRP3/IL-1β pathway in microglia of allergic rhinitis mice.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Unraveling the Role of Epithelial Cells in the Development of Chronic Rhinosinusitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Function and characteristics of TIM‑4 in immune regulation and disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Insights into the epigenetics of chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps: a systematic review.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Review
- Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is caused by prolonged inflammation of the paranasal sinus mucosa. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in the occurrence and development of CRSwNP. The T-cell immunoglobulin domain and the mucin domain 4 (TIM-4) is closely related to chronic inflammation, but its mechanism in CRSwNP is poorly understood. In our study, we found that TIM-4 was increased in the sinonasal mucosa of CRSwNP patients and, especially, in macrophages. TIM-4 was positively correlated with α-SMA but negatively correlated with E-cadherin in CRS. Moreover, we confirmed that TIM-4 was positively correlated with the clinical parameters of the Lund-Mackay and Lund-Kennedy scores. In the NP mouse model, administration of TIM-4 neutralizing antibody significantly reduced the polypoid lesions and inhibited the EMT process. TIM-4 activation by stimulating with tissue extracts of CRSwNP led to a significant increase of TGF-β1 expression in macrophages
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.