Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35987870›Full record

ArticleEuropean geriatric medicine2022

The Clinical Frailty Scale can be used retrospectively to assess the frailty of patients with hip fracture: a validation study.

Robert S Kay, Martin Hughes, Thomas R Williamson, Andrew J Hall, Andrew D Duckworth, Nick D Clement

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European geriatric medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Mild to moderate frailty among older adults does not affect long-term quality of life or functional outcomes after colon cancer surgery.Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland · 2026
    Observational
  5. Prevalence and outcomes of frailty in emergency laparotomy: a single-centre cohort study.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Robert S KayScotland Foundation School, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. robert.kay18@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4192-7104
Martin HughesEdinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Thomas R WilliamsonScotland Foundation School, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Andrew J HallDepartment of Orthopaedics, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK.
Andrew D DuckworthEdinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Nick D ClementEdinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeFrailty is a common clinical syndrome affecting hip fracture patients. Recognising and accurately assessing frailty status is important in clinical and research settings. The Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a commonly used instrument and demonstrates a strong correlation with mortality and length of hospital admission following hip fracture. What is not understood, however, is the validity of retrospectively assigned CFS scores in hip fracture patients. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of retrospective non-orthogeriatrician assigned CFS scores in hip fracture patients.

methodsHip fracture patients from a single major trauma centre were assessed and CFS scores were assigned prospectively by non-orthogeriatric clinicians (n = 57). A subset of these patients were also assigned a prospective CFS score by a specialist orthogeriatrician (n = 27). Two separate blinded observers (non-orthogeriatric clinicians) assigned CFS scores retrospectively using electronic patient records alone. Agreement and precision was examined using the Bland-Altman plot, accuracy was assessed using R

resultsSeventy percent of the cohort were female with an average age of 83. Agreement was high between prospective non-orthogeriatrician assigned CFS scores and retrospective non-orthogeriatrician assigned CFS scores, with a low bias (0.046) and good accuracy (R

conclusionsRetrospective CFS scores assigned by non-orthogeriatricians are a valid means of assessing frailty status in hip fracture patients. However, our results suggest a tendency for non-orthogeriatricians to marginally overestimate frailty status when assigning CFS scores retrospectively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3:

Indexed as

FrailtyHip FracturesAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGeriatric AssessmentHumansMaleProspective StudiesReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesFrailtyHip fractureRetrospectiveRockwoodValidation

Identifiers

PMID35987870
PMCPMC9553782

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.