Trial reportMalaria journal2022
Costs of treating childhood malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia in rural Mozambique and Uganda.
Trial report in Malaria journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01972321 (Integrated Community Case Management of Common Childhood Diseases), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Integrated Community Case Management of Common Childhood Diseases: Mozambique and Uganda
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The economic burden of malaria in Africa: a systematic review of cost of illness studies.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Cost of treating severe malaria in children in Africa: a systematic literature review.Malaria journal · 2024Pooled it
- Occurrence of diarrhea in pediatric bronchopneumonia patients: relevance to nursing management.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Co-Occurrence of Malaria, Pneumonia, and Diarrheal Disease Among Households: A Cohort Study in Rural Western Uganda.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- The 24, 2 hours initiative: a game changer in malaria mortality reduction.Malaria journal · 2025Review
- Cost-effectiveness of village health worker-led integrated community case management (iCCM) versus health facility based management for childhood illnesses in rural southwestern Uganda.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Management of children with danger signs in integrated community case management care in rural southwestern Uganda (2014-2018).International health · 2024Observational
- Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Is Associated With Increased Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) Seropositivity and Higher KSHV Antibody Breadth and Magnitude: Results of a Case-Control Study From Rural Uganda.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlobally, nearly half of all deaths among children under the age of 5 years can be attributed to malaria, diarrhoea, and pneumonia. A significant proportion of these deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite several programmes implemented in sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of these illnesses remains persistently high. To mobilise resources for such programmes it is necessary to evaluate their costs, costs-effectiveness, and affordability. This study aimed to estimate the provider costs of treating malaria, diarrhoea, and pneumonia among children under the age of 5 years in routine settings at the health facility level in rural Uganda and Mozambique.
methodsService and cost data was collected from health facilities in midwestern Uganda and Inhambane province, Mozambique from private and public health facilities. Financial and economic costs of providing care for childhood illnesses were investigated from the provider perspective by combining a top-down and bottom-up approach to estimate unit costs and annual total costs for different types of visits for these illnesses. All costs were collected in Ugandan shillings and Mozambican meticais. Costs are presented in 2021 US dollars.
resultsIn Uganda, the highest number of outpatient visits were for children with uncomplicated malaria and of inpatient admissions were for respiratory infections, including pneumonia. The highest unit cost for outpatient visits was for pneumonia (and other respiratory infections) and ranged from $0.5 to 2.3, while the highest unit cost for inpatient admissions was for malaria ($19.6). In Mozambique, the highest numbers of outpatient and inpatient admissions visits were for malaria. The highest unit costs were for malaria too, ranging from $2.5 to 4.2 for outpatient visits and $3.8 for inpatient admissions. The greatest contributors to costs in both countries were drugs and diagnostics, followed by staff.
conclusionsThe findings highlighted the intensive resource use in the treatment of malaria and pneumonia for outpatient and inpatient cases, particularly at higher level health facilities. Timely treatment to prevent severe complications associated with these illnesses can also avoid high costs to health providers, and households.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01972321.
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