ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2022
Adjuvant enzalutamide for the treatment of early-stage androgen-receptor positive, triple-negative breast cancer: a feasibility study.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nucleic sexual hormone receptor signaling pathways in breast cancer: function regulation, crosstalk, and therapeutic implications.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Androgen Receptor Expression and T-Lymphocyte Infiltration as Prognostic Indicators in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Androgens are a Key Factor Affecting Immune Related Diseases.The world journal of men's health · 2026Review
- Divide and Conquer-Targeted Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Antibodies against the multifaceted cathepsin D protein open new avenues for TNBC immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Treatments Targeting the Androgen Receptor and Its Splice Variants in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A novel Fc-engineered cathepsin D-targeting antibody enhances ADCC, triggers tumor-infiltrating NK cell recruitment, and improves treatment with paclitaxel and enzalutamide in triple-negative breast cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Review
- Stranger Things: New Roles and Opportunities for Androgen Receptor in Oncology Beyond Prostate Cancer.Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Potential Therapeutic Targets for Luminal Androgen Receptor Breast Cancer: What We Know so Far.OncoTargets and therapy · 2023Review
- VNLG-152R and its deuterated analogs potently inhibit/repress triple/quadruple negative breast cancer of diverse racial originsFrontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- WXJ-202, a novel Ribociclib derivative, exerts antitumor effects against breast cancer through CDK4/6.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeChemotherapy with or without immunotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). A subset of TNBCs express the androgen receptor (AR), representing a potential new therapeutic target. This study assessed the feasibility of adjuvant enzalutamide, an AR antagonist, in early-stage, AR-positive (AR +) TNBC.
methodsThis study was a single-arm, open-label, multicenter trial in which patients with stage I-III, AR ≥ 1% TNBC who had completed standard-of-care therapy were treated with enzalutamide 160 mg/day orally for 1 year. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of 1 year of adjuvant enzalutamide, defined as the treatment discontinuation rate of enzalutamide due to toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or other events related to tolerability. Secondary endpoints included disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), safety, and genomic features of recurrent tumors.
resultsFifty patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty-five patients completed 1 year of therapy, thereby meeting the prespecified trial endpoint for feasibility. Thirty-two patients elected to continue with an optional second year of treatment. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events were uncommon. The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year DFS were 94%, 92% , and 80%, respectively. Median OS has not been reached.
conclusionThis clinical trial demonstrates that adjuvant enzalutamide is a feasible and well-tolerated regimen in patients with an early-stage AR + TNBC. Randomized trials in the metastatic setting may inform patient selection through biomarker development; longer follow-up is needed to determine the effect of anti-androgens on DFS and OS in this patient population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.