ReviewCancer medicine2023
Radiotherapy combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in NSCLC brain metastases treatment: The mechanisms, advances, opportunities, and challenges.
Review in Cancer medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Concurrent Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Multiple Brain Metastases in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer - A Multi-Center Retrospective Analysis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Integrated management of immunotherapy and radiotherapy for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review of current landscape and future directions.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages: potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects in radioresistance of cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Research progress of anti-angiogenic therapy combined with immunotherapy and radiotherapy for the treatment of brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Roles of SPOCK1 in the Formation Mechanisms and Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases from Lung Cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- NAT10 promotes radiotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating KPNB1-mediated PD-L1 nuclear translocation.Open life sciences · 2025Article
- A mutational process signature and genomic alterations associated with outcome and immunogenicity in cancers with brain metastasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Long-term complete remission with immunotherapy in advanced RET fusion-positive NSCLC with brain metastases: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Radiotherapy and immunology.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Role of vascular endothelial growth factor D in lung adenocarcinoma immunotherapy response.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Radiotherapy combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in NSCLC brain metastases treatment: The mechanisms, advances, opportunities, and challenges.Cancer medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
At present, whole-brain radiation therapy/stereotactic radiosurgery is one of the main local treatments for brain metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, it has been proved that radiotherapy (RT) can regulate the immune response, and small-sample studies have shown that patients with NSCLC brain metastases (BMs) can benefit from RT combined with immunotherapy (IO). However, the efficacy and safety of the combination treatment have not been deeply elaborated. Notably, as a challenge that is still being explored, the timing of RT combined with IO is likely to be an important factor affecting efficacy and prognosis. This article reviews the current application and challenges of RT combined with IO from the perspectives of molecular mechanism, combination timing, safety, and efficacy. The purpose is to provide information on clinical evidence-based medicine of combination between RT with IO. For further investigation, we also discuss the major challenges and prospects of RT combined with IO in NSCLC BMs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.