ArticleAddiction science & clinical practice2022
Association between treatment setting and outcomes among oregon medicaid patients with opioid use disorder: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Addiction science & clinical practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rurality weakens the positive association between the COVID-19 pandemic and substance use treatment involving medications for opioid use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Buprenorphine discontinuation and utilization of psychosocial services: a national study in the Veterans Health Administration.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Article
- Occurrence of Opioid-Related Neurocognitive Symptoms Associated With Long-term Opioid Therapy.The Clinical journal of pain · 2025Article
- Risk of Relapse Following Discharge from Non-Hospital Residential Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: A Systematic Review of Studies Published from 2018 to 2022.Substance abuse and rehabilitation · 2025Review
- Trajectories of prescription opioid tapering in patients with chronic non-cancer pain: a retrospective cohort study, 2015-2020.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Adolescent Residential Addiction Treatment In The US: Uneven Access, Waitlists, And High Costs.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2024Article
- Treatment setting among individuals with opioid use and criminal legal involvement, housing instability, or Medicaid insurance, 2015-2021.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- Use of Telehealth for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment in Safety Net Primary Care Settings: A Mixed-Methods Study.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResidential treatment is a common approach for treating opioid use disorder (OUD), however, few studies have directly compared it to outpatient treatment. The objective of this study was to compare OUD outcomes among individuals receiving residential and outpatient treatment.
methodsA retrospective cohort study used linked data from a state Medicaid program, vital statistics, and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Treatment Episodes Dataset (TEDS) to compare OUD-related health outcomes among individuals treated in a residential or outpatient setting between 2014 and 2017. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models examined the association between treatment setting and outcomes (i.e., opioid overdose, non-overdose opioid-related and all-cause emergency department (ED) visits, hospital admissions, and treatment retention) controlling for patient characteristics, co-morbidities, and use of medications for opioid use disorders (MOUD). Interaction models evaluated how MOUD use modified associations between treatment setting and outcomes.
resultsOf 3293 individuals treated for OUD, 957 (29%) received treatment in a residential facility. MOUD use was higher among those treated as an outpatient (43%) compared to residential (19%). The risk of opioid overdose (aHR 1.39; 95% CI 0.73-2.64) or an opioid-related emergency department encounter or admission (aHR 1.02; 95% CI 0.80-1.29) did not differ between treatment settings. Independent of setting, MOUD use was associated with a significant reduction in overdose risk (aHR 0.45; 95% CI 0.23-0.89). Residential care was associated with greater odds of retention at 6-months (aOR 1.71; 95% CI 1.32-2.21) but not 1-year. Residential treatment was only associated with improved retention for individuals not receiving MOUD (6-month aOR 2.05; 95% CI 1.56-2.71) with no benefit observed in those who received MOUD (aOR 0.75; 95% CI 0.46-1.29; interaction p = 0.001).
conclusionsRelative to outpatient treatment, residential treatment was not associated with reductions in opioid overdose or opioid-related ED encounters/hospitalizations. Regardless of setting, MOUD use was associated with a significant reduction in opioid overdose risk.
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