Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35986258›Full record

Trial reportBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022

Demographic, socio-economic, obstetric, and behavioral factors associated with small-and large-for-gestational-age from a prospective, population-based pregnancy cohort in rural Nepal: a secondary data analysis.

Elizabeth A Hazel, Diwakar Mohan, Scott Zeger, Luke C Mullany, James M Tielsch, Subarna K Khatry, Seema Subedi, Steven C LeClerq, Robert E Black, Joanne Katz

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01177111 (Impact of Sunflower Seed Oil Massage on Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity in Nepal), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01177111 phase3completednot on this map

Impact of Sunflower Seed Oil Massage on Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity in Nepal

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthRan2010 to 2017Enrolled29,260ConditionsNeonatal Mortality, Neonatal SepsisArmsSunflower seed oil, Mustard seed oil
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Elizabeth A HazelDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. ehazel1@jhu.edu.
Diwakar MohanDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Scott ZegerDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Luke C MullanyDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
James M TielschGeorge Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA.
Subarna K KhatryDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Seema SubediDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Steven C LeClerqDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Robert E BlackDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Joanne KatzDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room W5504, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.

Funding

Prioritization of modifiable risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal mortality in rural NepalR01HD092411 · NICHD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI KATZ, JOANNE · 2018 to 2020
$822k
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD092411
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn South Asia, a third of babies are born small-for-gestational age (SGA). The risk factors are well described in the literature, but many studies are in high-and-middle income countries or measure SGA on facility births only. There are fewer studies that describe the prevalence of risk factors for large-for-gestational age (LGA) in low-income countries. We aim to describe the factors associated with SGA and LGA in a population-based cohort of pregnant women in rural Nepal.

methodsThis is a secondary data analysis of community-based trial on neonatal oil massage (22,545 women contributing 39,479 pregnancies). Demographic, socio-economic status (SES), medical/obstetric history, and timing of last menstruation were collected at enrollment. Vital signs, illness symptoms, and antenatal care (ANC) attendance were collected throughout the pregnancy and neonatal weight was measured for live births. We conducted multivariate analysis using multinomial, multilevel logistic regression, reporting the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Outcomes were SGA, LGA compared to appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) and were multiply imputed using birthweight recalibrated to time at delivery.

resultsSGA was associated with nulligravida (OR: 2.12 95% CI: 1.93-2.34), gravida/nulliparous (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.26-2.74), interpregnancy intervals less than 18 months (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07-1.27), and poor appetite/vomiting in the second trimester, (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.19-1.35). Greater wealth (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.88), swelling of hands/face in the third trimester (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69-0.94) parity greater than five (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65-0.92), male fetal sex (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98), and increased weight gain (OR: 0.93 per weight kilogram difference between 2

conclusionsOur findings are in line with known risk factors for SGA. Because the prevalence and mortality risk of LGA babies is low in this population, it is likely LGA status does not indicate underlaying illness. Improved and equitable access to high quality antenatal care, monitoring for appropriate gestational weight gain and increased monitoring of women with high-risk pregnancies may reduce prevalence and improve outcomes of SGA babies.

trial registrationThe study used in this secondary data analysis was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01177111.

Indexed as

Data AnalysisInfant, Newborn, DiseasesAdolescentBirth WeightDemographyFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, Small for Gestational AgeMaleNepalPregnancyProspective StudiesSocioeconomic FactorsWeight GainCohort studyLarge-for-gestational ageNepalSmall-for-gestational age

Identifiers

PMID35986258
PMCPMC9389767

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.