ArticleBMJ open2022
Unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on life expectancy across urban areas in Chile: a cross-sectional demographic study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Inference of latent epidemic regimes and generative simulations reveal how inequality and mobility shape COVID-19 transmission.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- On urban maladaptation in times of epidemics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The impact of violence and COVID-19 on Mexico's life-expectancy losses and recent bounce-back, 2015-22.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cause-of-death analysis of life expectancy changes in 24 countries, 2015 to 2022.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- The impact of COVID-19 on life expectancy across socioeconomic groups in Denmark.Population health metrics · 2024Article
- [Direct and indirect impact of COVID-19 on life expectancy at birth in Chile in 2020].Cadernos de saude publica · 2024Article
- Variability in excess deaths across countries with different vulnerability during 2020-2023.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Debates Paper: COVID-19 and urban informality: Exploring the implications of the pandemic for the politics of planning and inequality.Urban studies (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy by the level of area deprivation in South Korea.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Measuring the Impact of Future Outbreaks? A Secondary Analysis of Routinely Available Data in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on life expectancy across urban areas in Chile: a cross-sectional demographic study.BMJ open · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesTo quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy in Chile categorised by rural and urban areas, and to correlate life expectancy changes with socioeconomic factors at the municipal level.
designRetrospective cross-sectional demographic analysis using aggregated national all-cause death data stratified by year, sex and municipality during the period 2010-2020. SETTING AND POPULATION: Chilean population by age, sex and municipality from 2002 to 2020.
main outcome measuresStratified mortality rates using a Bayesian methodology. These were based on vital and demographic statistics from the national institute of statistics and department of vital statistics of ministry of health. With this, we assessed the unequal impact of the pandemic in 2020 on life expectancy across Chilean municipalities for males and females and analysed previous mortality trends since 2010.
resultsLife expectancy declined for both males and females in 2020 compared with 2019. Urban areas were the most affected, with males losing 1.89 years and females 1.33 years. The strength of the decline in life expectancy correlated positively with indicators of social deprivation and poverty. Also, inequality in life expectancy between municipalities increased, largely due to excess mortality among the working-age population in socially disadvantaged municipalities.
conclusionsNot only do people in poorer areas live shorter lives, they also have been substantially more affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to increased population health inequalities. Quantifying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy provides a more comprehensive picture of the toll.
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