ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2022
Functional activity limitation of leprosy cases in an endemic area in Indonesia and recommendations for integrated participation program in society.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with disability among patients with leprosy: a scoping review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Why Frailty Should Be Assessed in Older Adults Affected by Leprosy and How the Use of Smartphones Could Enhance This Health Monitoring.JMIR aging · 2026Article
- Peripheral Nerve Ultrasound Findings in Leprosy: A Scoping Review of Echogenicity, Cross-Sectional Area, and Vascularization Across 15 Studies.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
- The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to map leprosy-related disability in rural and remote areas in Indonesia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Dermoscopic features of nails in Leprosy patients in a tertiary referral hospital in West Java, Indonesia.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Observational
- Frequencies of HLA-B alleles in Indonesian Malay Ethnic.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Backward logistic regression analysis of the determinants of the hand function among patients with leprosy: A cross-sectional study.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2024Article
- Validity and reliability of local endemic language version of the SARI Sigma Scale questionnaire for assessing stigma in leprosy patients.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for disability in leprosy patients in Indonesia during the post-elimination era.Dermatology reports · 2023Article
- Epidemiological characteristics of leprosy during the period 2005-2020: A retrospective study based on the Chinese surveillance system.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLeprosy continues to be a health problem in Indonesia, with incidence reaching over 10,000 new cases by 2021. Leprosy-related disabilities cause limitation of patients' activity and participation in social activities. To date, no studies have been conducted in Indonesia which investigates disability in terms of bodily function, structure impairment, limitations in performing daily activities, and restrictions in participation in social activities in leprosy patients. This study is aimed to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics that might affect functional activity limitations of leprosy patients in endemic areas in Indonesia. METHODS AND
findingsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 retrospectively-diagnosed cases of leprosy. The Screening of Activity Limitation and Safety Awareness (SALSA) scale was used to measure functional activity limitation, which comprises five domains: vision, mobility, self-care, work with hands, and dexterity. Differences among variables were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test. The mean age of participants was 51.89±13.66 years, the majority of which were men (62.5%), uneducated (48.3%), and classified as type 2 in the World Health Organization (WHO) disability grading for hands and feet (66.3% and 68.2%, respectively). Assessment using the SALSA Scale showed 28.5% of subjects were without limitation, 43.8% with mild limitation, 13.5% with moderate limitation, 9.4% with severe limitation, and 4.9% with extreme limitation. Significant differences in the total SALSA Scale were found between age groups (p = 0.014), educational level (p = 0.005), occupation (p<0.001), and WHO disability grades (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the most significant factor influencing the total score of SALSA was disability grading for feet (score = 0.31, p <0.001) followed by occupational status, disability grading for eyes, and age. Limitation of functional activity was significantly correlated to becoming unemployed with the odds 2.59.
conclusionPeople affected by leprosy are prone to have functional activity limitation, especially the elderly, uneducated, unemployed and those with multiple disabilities. If they can overcome their barriers in functional activities, they will have better occupational opportunities.
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